Laboratory study · Bak et al., Toxicological Research (2015)
Safety Assessment of Mainstream Smoke of Herbal Cigarette(opens in a new tab)
- Findings and study population
- In a machine-smoking experiment on one mugwort-based herbal cigarette product, although nicotine was not detected, carbon monoxide and benzo[a]pyrene were found; some components exceeded the tobacco comparator.
- Limitations and differences from this claim
- This was a laboratory/machine-smoking analysis of one mugwort-based product, not a human clinical trial of pine needles; it does not quantify risk for individual pine products.
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