{ "version": "1.0.0", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "applicationStatus": "editorial-proposal-unvalidated", "sources": { "sunzi": { "ja": "孫子", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War", "keywords": "孫子 兵法 Sun Tzu Sunzi", "pageTitle": { "ja": "孫子の兵法まとめ", "en": "The Art of War: a guide to key ideas" }, "description": { "ja": "孫子の兵法を全13篇の要約から読む。知彼知己や戦わずして勝つ考え方を、競争戦略・事業運営の具体的な判断へつなげます。", "en": "Read summaries of all 13 chapters of The Art of War and apply its ideas to competition and business operations." }, "intro": { "ja": "始計から用間まで、全13篇の要点とビジネスで考える例を並べました。情報、資源、競争、統率を別々に扱わず、実行できる条件を合わせて考えます。", "en": "Explore every chapter from planning to information gathering. Consider information, resources, competition and coordination together with the conditions needed to act." }, "coverage": { "ja": "全13篇。篇の要約と、知彼知己など3項目の深掘り記事を掲載。", "en": "All 13 chapters, plus three focused idea guides." } }, "analects": { "ja": "論語", "en": "The Analects", "keywords": "論語 孔子 Confucius Analects", "pageTitle": { "ja": "論語まとめ", "en": "The Analects: a guide to learning and reflection" }, "description": { "ja": "論語を全20篇の要約から読む。温故知新、学びと思考、信頼、役割と責任を、育成や意思決定、組織運営へつなげます。", "en": "Read summaries of all 20 books of the Analects and connect learning, trust, roles and responsibility to business decisions." }, "intro": { "ja": "学而から堯曰まで、全20篇の要点と仕事で考える例をまとめました。孔子と弟子たちの問答を、学習、信頼、評価、責任の観点から読みます。", "en": "Explore every book from Xue Er to Yao Yue through learning, trust, evaluation and responsibility. The text records conversations involving Confucius and his disciples." }, "coverage": { "ja": "全20篇。各篇の要約と、温故知新など3項目の深掘り記事を掲載。", "en": "All 20 books, plus three focused idea guides." } }, "zhuge-liang": { "ja": "諸葛亮（孔明）", "en": "Zhuge Liang", "keywords": "孔明 諸葛亮 三国志 三國志 Kongming Zhuge Liang", "pageTitle": { "ja": "諸葛亮の戦略まとめ", "en": "Zhuge Liang: strategy and fair standards" }, "description": { "ja": "諸葛亮（孔明）の戦略を三国志・諸葛亮伝から読む。人物像、隆中対、外交、補佐、遠征、陳寿の評をビジネスの判断へつなげます。", "en": "Read Zhuge Liang’s recorded strategy through his biography, the Longzhong plan, diplomacy, administration, campaigns and Chen Shou’s evaluation." }, "intro": { "ja": "三国志の諸葛亮伝の本文を、出仕前から陳寿の評まで6つのテーマで整理しました。戦略の前提、提携、組織の判断基準、実行と補給を考える入口です。", "en": "Explore the main biography through six editorial themes, from early life to Chen Shou’s evaluation. Consider strategic conditions, cooperation, organizational standards and operational support." }, "coverage": { "ja": "三国志・蜀書五の諸葛亮伝本文を6テーマで整理。テーマは当サイトの区分です。裴松之注や人物に関する全史料の網羅ではありません。", "en": "The main Zhuge Liang biography in six editorial themes. These are not original chapter divisions; Pei Songzhi’s annotations and all other records are outside this coverage." } }, "laozi": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing", "keywords": "老子 道徳経 道德經 Laozi Dao De Jing", "pageTitle": { "ja": "老子・道徳経まとめ", "en": "Laozi: a guide to the Dao De Jing" }, "description": { "ja": "老子の道徳経を全81章の要約から読む。無為、上善若水、知足、柔軟さ、小さく始める考え方をビジネスへ応用します。", "en": "Read all 81 chapters of the Dao De Jing through non-forcing, water, limits, flexibility and small beginnings in business." }, "intro": { "ja": "道徳経の第1章から第81章まで、道・徳・統治・暮らしに関する要点を整理しました。競争や管理を増やすだけでなく、減らすこと、待つこと、支えることを考えます。", "en": "Explore every chapter through the Way, virtue, governance and everyday conduct. Consider reducing, waiting and supporting alongside competition and management." }, "coverage": { "ja": "王弼本の全81章。各章の主要な論点を要約し、仕事で考える例を付けています。", "en": "All 81 chapters of the Wang Bi text, with main points and business applications." } }, "mencius": { "ja": "孟子", "en": "Mencius", "keywords": "孟子 仁義 人和 Mencius Mengzi", "pageTitle": { "ja": "孟子まとめ", "en": "Mencius: a guide to judgment and responsibility" }, "description": { "ja": "孟子を全14巻の要約から読む。仁義、人和、規矩、育成、役割と責任を、経営や組織の判断へつなげます。", "en": "Read all 14 parts of Mencius through right action, cohesion, standards, development, roles and responsibility." }, "intro": { "ja": "梁恵王から尽心まで、7篇の上下・全14巻を整理しました。王や弟子との問答を、利益と責任、判断基準、人が学べる条件から読みます。", "en": "Explore both parts of all seven books through gain and responsibility, standards for judgment and conditions for development." }, "coverage": { "ja": "7篇の上下、全14巻。各巻の主要な論点と仕事で考える例を掲載。", "en": "Both parts of seven books: all 14 parts, with main points and business applications." } }, "great-learning": { "ja": "大学", "en": "The Great Learning", "keywords": "大学 大學 大学章句 朱熹 Great Learning", "pageTitle": { "ja": "大学まとめ", "en": "The Great Learning: purpose and practice" }, "description": { "ja": "大学を経1章・伝10章の全体から読む。目的、順序、格物致知、誠意、偏り、率先する行動をビジネスへ応用します。", "en": "Read the main text and ten commentary chapters of the Great Learning through purpose, sequence, investigation, sincerity and conduct." }, "intro": { "ja": "朱熹の大学章句による経1章・伝10章の区分で、全体を整理しました。大きな組織の話を、自分の判断、学び、行動の条件へ戻して考えます。", "en": "Explore the main text and ten commentary chapters using Zhu Xi’s arrangement. Connect wider responsibilities with conditions for individual judgment, learning and conduct." }, "coverage": { "ja": "経1章・伝10章。伝5章の格物致知は朱熹の補伝として区別。逐語訳や全注釈の網羅ではなく、全章の主要な論点を要約します。", "en": "One main-text chapter and ten commentary chapters. Chapter 5 distinguishes Zhu Xi’s supplement. Coverage concerns each chapter’s main points, not a complete translation or every annotation." } } }, "topics": { "strategy": { "ja": "戦略・選択", "en": "Strategy and choices" }, "learning": { "ja": "学習・検証", "en": "Learning and testing" }, "organization": { "ja": "組織・評価", "en": "Teams and evaluation" } }, "entries": [ { "slug": "know-yourself-and-others", "concept": { "ja": "知彼知己", "en": "Know both sides" }, "title": { "ja": "相手と自分の条件を知る", "en": "Know your own position and the other side" }, "summary": { "ja": "判断する前に、相手と自分について何が分かっているかを揃える。", "en": "Establish what is known about both sides before choosing an action." }, "source": "sunzi", "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・謀攻篇", "en": "The Art of War · Attack by Stratagem" }, "url": "https://ctext.org/art-of-war/attack-by-stratagem/zh", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "知彼知己，百戰不殆。", "meaning": { "ja": "相手と自分を知ることを、戦いで危険を避ける条件として述べる。", "en": "The passage connects knowledge of both sides with avoiding peril in battle." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "競争や攻略の案を出す前に、観測した事実と推測を分ける。情報を増やすだけでなく、その情報で選択が変わるかを見る。", "en": "Separate observations from assumptions before planning. Ask which information would actually change the decision." }, "limit": { "ja": "相手を完全には把握できない。調査を続けすぎて判断を遅らせないよう、期限と必要な情報を決める。", "en": "Complete knowledge is unavailable. Set a decision deadline and identify the information worth collecting." }, "check": { "ja": "追加した情報によって、実際に選択肢や優先順位が変わったか。", "en": "Did the new information change the options or their priority?" }, "related": [ "acknowledge-unknowns", "choose-your-ground" ], "kind": "idea", "application": { "situation": { "ja": "競合の機能を追いかけているが、自社の強みと顧客の選択理由が曖昧なとき。", "en": "When a team follows competitor features without knowing its own strengths or why customers choose it." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "顧客の選択理由、競合の提供条件、自社の資源を、事実と仮説に分けて書く。", "en": "List customer choice criteria, competitor offers and your resources as facts or hypotheses." }, { "ja": "採用する案が変わる未確認事項を一つ選び、顧客への確認や小さな試作で調べる。", "en": "Choose one unknown that could change the preferred option and test it through a customer conversation or small prototype." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "競合・自社・顧客の比較表と、次に確かめる問い。", "en": "A comparison of customers, competitors and your team, plus the next question to investigate." } } }, { "slug": "win-without-direct-conflict", "concept": { "ja": "戦わずして勝つ", "en": "Win without direct conflict" }, "title": { "ja": "正面衝突以外で目的を達成する", "en": "Reach the objective without direct conflict" }, "summary": { "ja": "勝つ手段を増やし、衝突にかかる費用も比較する。", "en": "Expand the routes to an objective and compare the cost of confrontation." }, "source": "sunzi", "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・謀攻篇", "en": "The Art of War · Attack by Stratagem" }, "url": "https://ctext.org/art-of-war/attack-by-stratagem/zh", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "不戰而屈人之兵，善之善者也。", "meaning": { "ja": "戦って勝つことより、戦わずに相手の兵を屈服させることを優れた方法とする。", "en": "The text ranks subduing an opposing army without fighting above winning battles." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "現代の仕事では、目的を相手の打倒に固定せず、提携や分業も含めて達成方法を比べる。これは軍事の文言から編集した応用である。", "en": "For modern work, compare partnership and division of labor as routes to an objective. This is an editorial adaptation of a military passage." }, "limit": { "ja": "協力が成立する条件を確かめる。提携で相手への依存が増える場合は、責任と終了の条件も決める。", "en": "Check whether cooperation is feasible. When a partnership increases dependency, define responsibilities and ending conditions." }, "check": { "ja": "衝突を避ける方法にも固有の判断と費用があり、目的を達成できるか。", "en": "Does the alternative route reach the objective while retaining its own decisions and costs?" }, "related": [ "sequence-and-alliance", "choose-your-ground" ], "kind": "idea", "application": { "situation": { "ja": "同じ顧客を奪い合うために、価格や広告費の競争が続いているとき。", "en": "When competition for the same customers leads to recurring price or advertising battles." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "達成したい顧客の状態を定義し、直接競争・提携・別用途への提供を並べる。", "en": "Define the customer outcome, then compare direct competition, partnership and a different use case." }, { "ja": "費用、相手の協力条件、顧客の利益を同じ軸で比べ、最小の実験を選ぶ。", "en": "Compare cost, cooperation requirements and customer benefit, then choose a small experiment." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "目的と3つの達成方法を比較した実験案。", "en": "An experiment comparing three ways to achieve the objective." } } }, { "slug": "choose-your-ground", "concept": { "ja": "避実撃虚", "en": "Avoid strength and act on weakness" }, "title": { "ja": "相手の強い場所を避ける", "en": "Choose ground where your strengths matter" }, "summary": { "ja": "同じ条件で競う前に、場所・用途・経路を選び直す。", "en": "Reconsider the setting, use case or route before competing on identical terms." }, "source": "sunzi", "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・虚実篇", "en": "The Art of War · Weak Points and Strong" }, "url": "https://ctext.org/art-of-war/weak-points-and-strong/zh", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "兵之形，避實而擊虛。", "meaning": { "ja": "兵の動きを水にたとえ、相手の充実したところを避けて手薄なところを攻めると述べる。", "en": "Using water as an analogy, the text describes avoiding strength and approaching weakness." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "自分の資源で対応でき、相手が十分に満たしていない条件を探す。競争が少ない理由と、そこに需要があるかも確認する。", "en": "Find conditions your resources can serve and existing options underserve. Check both demand and why competition is limited." }, "limit": { "ja": "手薄な市場に需要があるとは限らない。競争が少ないことと顧客が必要としていることを分けて確認する。", "en": "An underserved market may have no demand. Distinguish limited competition from demonstrated customer need." }, "check": { "ja": "選んだ場所で自分の強みを使え、相手や環境の変化にも対応できるか。", "en": "Can the chosen setting use your strengths and remain useful when conditions change?" }, "related": [ "know-yourself-and-others", "win-without-direct-conflict" ], "kind": "idea", "application": { "situation": { "ja": "大きい競合と同じ機能・価格で競うと、資源が足りなくなるとき。", "en": "When matching a larger competitor feature for feature exceeds your resources." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "顧客の作業を分解し、既存製品で満たされていない用途を探す。", "en": "Break down customer work and identify an underserved use case." }, { "ja": "その用途を小さく提供し、利用される理由と継続の条件を確かめる。", "en": "Offer a small solution and investigate why it is used and what would sustain its use." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "集中する用途、必要な資源、需要を確かめる試作。", "en": "A focused use case, resource requirements and a demand-testing prototype." } } }, { "slug": "review-to-discover", "concept": { "ja": "温故知新", "en": "Learn anew from the past" }, "title": { "ja": "過去の経験から新しい問いを作る", "en": "Turn past experience into a new question" }, "summary": { "ja": "振り返りを、次に試す仮説へつなげる。", "en": "Connect reflection to the next hypothesis worth testing." }, "source": "analects", "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・為政 2.11", "en": "The Analects · Wei Zheng 2.11" }, "url": "https://ctext.org/analects/wei-zheng/zh", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "溫故而知新，可以為師矣。", "meaning": { "ja": "以前に学んだことを振り返り、新しい理解を得ることを説く。", "en": "The passage connects revisiting prior learning with gaining new understanding." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "過去の結果を再現するだけでなく、当時と現在の条件の差から、次に確かめる問いを作る。", "en": "Use differences between past and present conditions to formulate a new question instead of simply repeating an old solution." }, "limit": { "ja": "過去の成功は、条件が違う案件での成功を保証しない。観測と後付けの説明を分ける。", "en": "A past success does not guarantee success under different conditions. Separate observations from retrospective explanations." }, "check": { "ja": "振り返りから、新しく観測できる問いが一つ生まれたか。", "en": "Did reflection produce a new, observable question?" }, "related": [ "learn-and-think", "acknowledge-unknowns" ], "kind": "idea", "application": { "situation": { "ja": "振り返りの資料は増えているが、次の案件で試すことが決まらないとき。", "en": "When retrospective documents accumulate without changing the next project." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "過去の一案件から、観測した結果と当時の条件を取り出す。", "en": "Extract an observed result and its original conditions from one past project." }, { "ja": "現在と違う条件を一つ選び、その条件が結果を変えるか実験する。", "en": "Choose one condition that differs today and test whether it changes the outcome." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "過去の証拠、変わった条件、次の検証を結んだ短いメモ。", "en": "A short note linking past evidence, changed conditions and the next test." } } }, { "slug": "learn-and-think", "concept": { "ja": "学びと思考", "en": "Study and reflection" }, "title": { "ja": "学ぶことと考えることを組み合わせる", "en": "Combine learning with independent thought" }, "summary": { "ja": "参考事例を理解し、自分の条件で確かめる。", "en": "Understand a reference and test it under your own conditions." }, "source": "analects", "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・為政 2.15", "en": "The Analects · Wei Zheng 2.15" }, "url": "https://ctext.org/analects/wei-zheng/zh", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "學而不思則罔，思而不學則殆。", "meaning": { "ja": "学ぶことと考えることの、どちらか一方だけに偏る問題を述べる。", "en": "The passage describes the problems of learning without thinking and thinking without learning." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "参考情報を集めたら、自分の課題に合う理由を説明する。思いついた案には、先行事例と実際の試作で根拠を加える。", "en": "Explain why a reference applies to your problem, then support a proposed idea with prior examples and a practical test." }, "limit": { "ja": "学習と検討を続けるだけで制作が止まらないよう、試す範囲を絞る。原典は具体的な制作手法を定めていない。", "en": "Limit the test so research and analysis do not halt production. The source does not prescribe a specific production method." }, "check": { "ja": "なぜその仕組みを採用するか説明でき、試作の結果も示せるか。", "en": "Can you explain why the mechanism was chosen and show what the prototype revealed?" }, "related": [ "review-to-discover", "acknowledge-unknowns" ], "kind": "idea", "application": { "situation": { "ja": "他社の成功事例を、そのまま自社へ導入しようとしているとき。", "en": "When a team is about to copy another company’s success case directly." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "事例が成立した顧客・資源・時期を調べ、自社との違いを書く。", "en": "Investigate the case’s customers, resources and timing, then record the differences from your team." }, { "ja": "参考にする仕組みを一つ選び、自社の条件に合わせた小さな試行にする。", "en": "Choose one mechanism and turn it into a small trial adapted to your conditions." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "参考事例との共通点・相違点と、自社向けの試行計画。", "en": "Similarities, differences and a trial plan adapted to your organization." } } }, { "slug": "acknowledge-unknowns", "concept": { "ja": "知ることと知らないこと", "en": "Knowing and not knowing" }, "title": { "ja": "分かることと分からないことを分ける", "en": "Separate what you know from what you do not" }, "summary": { "ja": "未確認事項を残し、判断に必要な確認を選ぶ。", "en": "Preserve unknowns and choose the checks that matter to the decision." }, "source": "analects", "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・為政 2.17", "en": "The Analects · Wei Zheng 2.17" }, "url": "https://ctext.org/analects/wei-zheng/zh", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。", "meaning": { "ja": "知っていることを知っているとし、知らないことを知らないと認める態度を説く。", "en": "The passage describes acknowledging knowledge and admitting what is not known." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "事実・仮説・未確認を区別し、未確認であることを隠さずに意思決定を進める。", "en": "Make decisions with explicit distinctions between facts, hypotheses and unknowns." }, "limit": { "ja": "未確認を列挙するだけでは判断は進まない。期限と、どこまで分かれば決めるかを設定する。", "en": "Listing unknowns alone does not advance a decision. Set a deadline and the evidence needed to decide." }, "check": { "ja": "どの前提が成り立たなくなると結論を変えるか、読み手にも分かるか。", "en": "Can another reader tell which change in evidence would change the conclusion?" }, "related": [ "know-yourself-and-others", "review-to-discover" ], "kind": "idea", "application": { "situation": { "ja": "企画の前提に、確認した数字と担当者の予想が混ざっているとき。", "en": "When a proposal mixes verified figures with a team member’s predictions." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "判断に使う前提へ、事実・仮説・未確認の印と根拠を付ける。", "en": "Label decision premises as facts, hypotheses or unknowns, with supporting evidence." }, { "ja": "結論を変え得る未確認事項を先に調べ、残りは条件付きで判断する。", "en": "Investigate the unknown that could change the conclusion and make the rest of the decision conditional." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "根拠と確度を付けた前提一覧、採用条件、再検討の条件。", "en": "Premises with evidence status, adoption conditions and a trigger for reconsideration." } } }, { "slug": "sequence-and-alliance", "concept": { "ja": "隆中対", "en": "The Longzhong plan" }, "title": { "ja": "連携と準備を含む順序を組む", "en": "Plan the sequence, preparation and alliances" }, "summary": { "ja": "単独の一手より、実行条件と協力関係を含む順序を考える。", "en": "Plan a sequence that includes prerequisites and cooperation." }, "source": "zhuge-liang", "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "三国志・蜀書五・諸葛亮伝（隆中での対策）", "en": "Records of the Three Kingdoms · Zhuge Liang’s biography · Longzhong plan" }, "url": "https://ctext.org/text.pl?if=gb&node=603498", "kind": "historical-record", "excerpt": "外結好孫權，內修政理。", "meaning": { "ja": "劉備への対策として、外では孫権と連携し、内では政治を整える構想が記録されている。", "en": "The biography records advice to Liu Bei combining an alliance with Sun Quan and internal administration." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "実行の順序に、自分で整える条件、相手と合意する条件、環境の変化を含める。史料にある構想を、現代の計画へ応用する。", "en": "Include internal preparation, agreements with others and environmental triggers in a plan. This adapts a recorded historical proposal to modern planning." }, "limit": { "ja": "史料の構想は結果の成功を保証しない。協力相手の意思と、計画を変える環境条件を別に確認する。", "en": "A recorded plan does not guarantee success. Check partners’ intentions and the conditions that would invalidate the plan." }, "check": { "ja": "前提が一つ成り立たなくなったとき、どこで計画を見直し、何を選べるか。", "en": "If one prerequisite fails, where is the plan reconsidered and what alternatives remain?" }, "related": [ "win-without-direct-conflict", "acknowledge-unknowns" ], "kind": "idea", "application": { "situation": { "ja": "新しい事業の計画が、社内で完結する作業だけになっているとき。", "en": "When a new venture plan contains only tasks the team can complete internally." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "内製するもの、提携で得るもの、外部条件に依存するものを分ける。", "en": "Separate internal work, resources obtained through partnerships and external dependencies." }, { "ja": "先に揃える条件と着手の合図を決め、順序と代替経路を書く。", "en": "Define prerequisites and start triggers, then write the sequence and alternative routes." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "実行条件・協力相手・代替経路を含む計画。", "en": "A plan with prerequisites, collaborators and alternative routes." } } }, { "slug": "fair-standards", "concept": { "ja": "諸葛亮の公平な評価", "en": "Fair standards in Chen Shou’s account" }, "title": { "ja": "関係性で評価基準を変えない", "en": "Keep evaluation standards independent of relationships" }, "summary": { "ja": "何を評価し、なぜ報酬や結果が変わるかを示す。", "en": "Make evaluation criteria and their consequences understandable." }, "source": "zhuge-liang", "topic": "organization", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "三国志・蜀書五・諸葛亮伝（陳寿の評）", "en": "Records of the Three Kingdoms · Chen Shou’s appraisal of Zhuge Liang" }, "url": "https://ctext.org/text.pl?if=en&node=603529&remap=gb", "kind": "historical-record", "excerpt": "盡忠益時者雖讎必賞，犯法怠慢者雖親必罰。", "meaning": { "ja": "陳寿は諸葛亮の統治を評し、貢献には敵対関係でも報い、違反には親しい関係でも対処したと記す。本人の名言ではない。", "en": "Chen Shou’s appraisal describes rewarding service despite enmity and addressing violations despite close ties. It is not a quotation by Zhuge Liang." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "現代の評価では、人間関係で基準を変えず、基準と理由を示すという観点に使う。古代の刑罰を現代へ移す趣旨ではない。", "en": "Apply the idea to consistent, explainable evaluation. The adaptation does not transfer ancient punishments into modern practice." }, "limit": { "ja": "公平さは全員を同じ扱いにすることと同義ではない。役割や条件の違いは、理由を示して評価へ反映する。", "en": "Fairness is not identical treatment. Explain how relevant differences in roles and circumstances affect evaluation." }, "check": { "ja": "同じ条件で同じ結果になり、異なる結果の理由を説明できるか。", "en": "Do equivalent conditions produce equivalent outcomes, and are differences explainable?" }, "related": [ "acknowledge-unknowns", "sequence-and-alliance" ], "kind": "idea", "application": { "situation": { "ja": "同じ貢献でも、担当者との関係で評価が変わって見えるとき。", "en": "When equivalent contributions appear to receive different evaluations based on personal relationships." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "何を貢献として評価するか、根拠と例外の条件を先に書く。", "en": "Write the contribution criteria, supporting evidence and exception conditions before evaluating." }, { "ja": "同じ条件の事例に同じ基準を当て、判断理由を説明できるか確かめる。", "en": "Apply the same criteria to equivalent cases and check that the reasoning can be explained." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "評価する行動、確認する証拠、例外の理由を示す評価案。", "en": "An evaluation proposal showing behaviors, evidence and reasons for exceptions." } } }, { "slug": "chapter-01-planning-compare-before-committing", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 1, "concept": { "ja": "始計篇：始める前の比較", "en": "Planning: compare before committing" }, "title": { "ja": "始計篇：始める前の比較", "en": "Planning: compare before committing" }, "summary": { "ja": "戦いを国の重大事とし、道・天・地・将・法と相互の条件を比較して見通しを立てる。", "en": "Treats war as a consequential decision and compares purpose, timing, terrain, leadership and organization before acting." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・始計篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Planning: compare before committing" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E5%A7%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：兵者，國之大事，死生之地，存亡之道，不可不察也。故經之以五事，校之以七計，而索其情：一曰道，二曰天，三曰地，四曰將，五曰法。", "meaning": { "ja": "戦いを国の重大事とし、道・天・地・将・法と相互の条件を比較して見通しを立てる。", "en": "Treats war as a consequential decision and compares purpose, timing, terrain, leadership and organization before acting." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "新事業を始める前に、顧客の課題、投入できる人員、競合、実行時期を同じ表で比較し、足りない条件を選ぶ。", "en": "Before starting a venture, compare customer needs, available people, competitors and timing in one table; identify a missing condition." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「始める前の比較」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using planning: compare before committing, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-02-waging-war-the-cost-of-duration", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 2, "concept": { "ja": "作戦篇：長期化の負担", "en": "Waging war: the cost of duration" }, "title": { "ja": "作戦篇：長期化の負担", "en": "Waging war: the cost of duration" }, "summary": { "ja": "兵の動員と補給の費用を論じ、長期の戦いによる消耗と国の負担を重視する。", "en": "Examines mobilization and supply costs, emphasizing the exhaustion and public burden of a prolonged campaign." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・作戦篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Waging war: the cost of duration" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%B0%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡用兵之法，馳車千駟，革車千乘，帶甲十萬，千里饋糧，則內外之費，賓客之用，膠漆之材，車甲之奉，日費千金，然後十萬之師舉矣。其用戰也，貴勝，久則鈍兵挫銳，攻城則力屈，久暴師則…", "meaning": { "ja": "兵の動員と補給の費用を論じ、長期の戦いによる消耗と国の負担を重視する。", "en": "Examines mobilization and supply costs, emphasizing the exhaustion and public burden of a prolonged campaign." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "成果が出ない施策を続けているなら、毎月の維持負担と判断期限を記し、継続・縮小・終了の条件を決める。", "en": "For an initiative with no demonstrated result, record its recurring burden and decision date; define conditions for continuing, reducing or ending it." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「長期化の負担」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using waging war: the cost of duration, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-03-attack-by-stratagem-objectives-and-methods", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 3, "concept": { "ja": "謀攻篇：目的と達成方法", "en": "Attack by stratagem: objectives and methods" }, "title": { "ja": "謀攻篇：目的と達成方法", "en": "Attack by stratagem: objectives and methods" }, "summary": { "ja": "相手を破壊せずに目的を達成すること、戦える条件、自他の理解を論じる。", "en": "Considers achieving an objective without destruction, the conditions for engagement and knowledge of both sides." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・謀攻篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Attack by stratagem: objectives and methods" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E8%AC%80%E6%94%BB%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡用兵之法，全國為上，破國次之；全軍為上，破軍次之；全旅為上，破旅次之；全卒為上，破卒次之；全伍為上，破伍次之。是故百戰百勝，非善之善者也；不戰而屈人之兵，善之善者也。", "meaning": { "ja": "相手を破壊せずに目的を達成すること、戦える条件、自他の理解を論じる。", "en": "Considers achieving an objective without destruction, the conditions for engagement and knowledge of both sides." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "競合と同じ土俵で値下げする前に、提携、用途の限定、提供方法の変更で顧客の目的を満たせないか比べる。", "en": "Before matching a competitor’s price, compare partnerships, a narrower use case and a different delivery model against the customer’s objective." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「目的と達成方法」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using attack by stratagem: objectives and methods, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-04-tactical-dispositions-prepare-first", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 4, "concept": { "ja": "軍形篇：先に備えを作る", "en": "Tactical dispositions: prepare first" }, "title": { "ja": "軍形篇：先に備えを作る", "en": "Tactical dispositions: prepare first" }, "summary": { "ja": "自らが敗れにくい状態を作り、相手の機会を待つ。勝てる条件を整えてから戦う順序を示す。", "en": "Establishes a position less vulnerable to defeat, waits for an opening and places preparation before engagement." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・軍形篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Tactical dispositions: prepare first" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E8%BB%8D%E5%BD%A2%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：昔之善戰者，先為不可勝，以待敵之可勝。不可勝在己，可勝在敵。故善戰者，能為不可勝，不能使敵之必可勝。故曰：勝可知，而不可為。", "meaning": { "ja": "自らが敗れにくい状態を作り、相手の機会を待つ。勝てる条件を整えてから戦う順序を示す。", "en": "Establishes a position less vulnerable to defeat, waits for an opening and places preparation before engagement." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "大きな販売を始める前に、供給能力、問い合わせ対応、品質確認、販売停止の条件を揃え、負荷を試す。", "en": "Before a large launch, prepare supply capacity, support, quality checks and pause conditions; test the expected load." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「先に備えを作る」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using tactical dispositions: prepare first, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-05-energy-organization-and-combinations", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 5, "concept": { "ja": "兵勢篇：仕組みと組み合わせ", "en": "Energy: organization and combinations" }, "title": { "ja": "兵勢篇：仕組みと組み合わせ", "en": "Energy: organization and combinations" }, "summary": { "ja": "大人数の統率、正と奇の組み合わせ、個人の力だけでなく勢いを作る配置を論じる。", "en": "Explores organizing many people, combining ordinary and unexpected methods and arranging conditions rather than relying only on individual effort." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・兵勢篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Energy: organization and combinations" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E5%85%B5%E5%8B%A2%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡治衆如治寡，分數是也；鬥衆如鬥寡，形名是也；三軍之衆，可使必受敵而無敗者，奇正是也；兵之所加，如以碫投卵者，虛實是也。", "meaning": { "ja": "大人数の統率、正と奇の組み合わせ、個人の力だけでなく勢いを作る配置を論じる。", "en": "Explores organizing many people, combining ordinary and unexpected methods and arranging conditions rather than relying only on individual effort." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "営業成績の差を個人の能力だけで説明せず、見込み客の配分、提案資料、引き継ぎの仕組みを点検する。", "en": "Do not explain sales differences solely through talent; inspect lead allocation, proposal materials and handoff procedures." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「仕組みと組み合わせ」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using energy: organization and combinations, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-06-weak-points-and-strong-focus-and-adaptation", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 6, "concept": { "ja": "虚実篇：集中と変化", "en": "Weak points and strong: focus and adaptation" }, "title": { "ja": "虚実篇：集中と変化", "en": "Weak points and strong: focus and adaptation" }, "summary": { "ja": "主導権、兵力の集中と分散、相手の充実した場所を避けること、状況に応じる変化を扱う。", "en": "Addresses initiative, concentration and dispersion, avoiding a strong position and adapting to changing circumstances." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・虚実篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Weak points and strong: focus and adaptation" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E8%99%9B%E5%AF%A6%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡先處戰地而待敵者佚，後處戰地而趨戰者勞。故善戰者，致人而不致於人。", "meaning": { "ja": "主導権、兵力の集中と分散、相手の充実した場所を避けること、状況に応じる変化を扱う。", "en": "Addresses initiative, concentration and dispersion, avoiding a strong position and adapting to changing circumstances." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "限られた人数で複数の顧客層を追うなら、最も解決できる用途を一つ選び、集中する期間と見直し条件を決める。", "en": "With limited people serving many segments, choose one problem you can solve well; set a focus period and review conditions." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「集中と変化」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using weak points and strong: focus and adaptation, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-07-maneuvering-speed-and-support", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 7, "concept": { "ja": "軍争篇：速さと補給", "en": "Maneuvering: speed and support" }, "title": { "ja": "軍争篇：速さと補給", "en": "Maneuvering: speed and support" }, "summary": { "ja": "有利な位置を争う難しさと行軍の負担を論じ、速さ、まとまり、補給を両立させる。", "en": "Discusses the difficulty of reaching an advantageous position while balancing speed, cohesion and supplies." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・軍争篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Maneuvering: speed and support" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E8%BB%8D%E7%88%AD%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡用兵之法，將受命於君，合軍聚衆，交和而舍，莫難於軍爭。軍爭之難者，以迂為直，以患為利。故迂其途，而誘之以利，後人發，先人至，此知迂直之計者也。", "meaning": { "ja": "有利な位置を争う難しさと行軍の負担を論じ、速さ、まとまり、補給を両立させる。", "en": "Discusses the difficulty of reaching an advantageous position while balancing speed, cohesion and supplies." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "急ぎの納品で手戻りが増えるなら、先に進める工程と待つ工程を分け、必要な情報と担当の引き継ぎを揃える。", "en": "When urgent delivery creates rework, distinguish work that can advance from work that must wait; prepare the information and ownership needed for handoffs." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「速さと補給」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using maneuvering: speed and support, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-08-variation-in-tactics-benefits-and-harms", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 8, "concept": { "ja": "九変篇：利点と不利益", "en": "Variation in tactics: benefits and harms" }, "title": { "ja": "九変篇：利点と不利益", "en": "Variation in tactics: benefits and harms" }, "summary": { "ja": "状況ごとに行動を変え、利点と不利益を併せて考えること、将の判断を損なう偏りを論じる。", "en": "Considers changing actions with circumstances, weighing benefits alongside harms and recognizing dispositions that impair judgment." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・九変篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Variation in tactics: benefits and harms" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E4%B9%9D%E8%AE%8A%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡用兵之法，將受命於君，合軍聚眾。圮地無舍，衢地合交，絕地無留，圍地則謀，死地則戰。途有所不由，軍有所不擊，城有所不攻，地有所不爭，君命有所不受。故將通於九變之利者，知用兵…", "meaning": { "ja": "状況ごとに行動を変え、利点と不利益を併せて考えること、将の判断を損なう偏りを論じる。", "en": "Considers changing actions with circumstances, weighing benefits alongside harms and recognizing dispositions that impair judgment." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "有望な提携案を評価するときは、得られる顧客や機能と、依存、運用負担、終了時の影響を並べて判断する。", "en": "Evaluate a partnership by comparing access or capabilities with dependency, operating burden and the consequences of ending it." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「利点と不利益」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using variation in tactics: benefits and harms, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-09-the-army-on-the-march-observation-and-coordination", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 9, "concept": { "ja": "行軍篇：観察と統率", "en": "The army on the march: observation and coordination" }, "title": { "ja": "行軍篇：観察と統率", "en": "The army on the march: observation and coordination" }, "summary": { "ja": "地形の選択、相手の兆候の読み取り、兵の状態、信頼と命令の継続的な運用を扱う。", "en": "Examines terrain, observable signals, the condition of people and the consistent use of trust and commands." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・行軍篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · The army on the march: observation and coordination" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E8%A1%8C%E8%BB%8D%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡處軍相敵，絕山依谷，視生處高，戰隆無登，此處山之軍也。絕水必遠水，客絕水而來，勿迎之于水內，令半濟而擊之，利；欲戰者，無附于水而迎客，視生處高，無迎水流，此處水上之軍也。…", "meaning": { "ja": "地形の選択、相手の兆候の読み取り、兵の状態、信頼と命令の継続的な運用を扱う。", "en": "Examines terrain, observable signals, the condition of people and the consistent use of trust and commands." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "現場の不調を一つの報告で決めつけず、作業量、待ち時間、欠員、相談の記録を合わせて原因を調べる。", "en": "Do not diagnose a team from one report; inspect workload, waiting time, staffing gaps and requests for help together." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「観察と統率」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using the army on the march: observation and coordination, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-10-terrain-circumstances-and-responsibility", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 10, "concept": { "ja": "地形篇：環境と責任", "en": "Terrain: circumstances and responsibility" }, "title": { "ja": "地形篇：環境と責任", "en": "Terrain: circumstances and responsibility" }, "summary": { "ja": "地形の類型と軍の失敗を整理し、環境、自軍、相手を理解する責任を将に求める。", "en": "Classifies terrain and military failures, assigning leaders responsibility for understanding circumstances, their people and the opposing side." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・地形篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Terrain: circumstances and responsibility" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡地形有通者、有掛者、有支者、有隘者、有險者、有遠者。我可以往，彼可以來，曰通。通形者，先居高陽，利糧道，以戰則利。可以往，難以返，曰掛。掛形者，敵無備，出而勝之；敵若有備…", "meaning": { "ja": "地形の類型と軍の失敗を整理し、環境、自軍、相手を理解する責任を将に求める。", "en": "Classifies terrain and military failures, assigning leaders responsibility for understanding circumstances, their people and the opposing side." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "失敗した案件を担当者のせいにする前に、受注条件、判断権限、教育、依存先の制約を整理し、管理側の改善も決める。", "en": "Before blaming an owner for a failed project, review acceptance conditions, authority, training and dependencies; define management improvements too." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「環境と責任」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using terrain: circumstances and responsibility, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-11-nine-situations-act-according-to-circumstances", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 11, "concept": { "ja": "九地篇：状況別の動き方", "en": "Nine situations: act according to circumstances" }, "title": { "ja": "九地篇：状況別の動き方", "en": "Nine situations: act according to circumstances" }, "summary": { "ja": "戦いの状況を九つに分け、進退、結束、連携、意思決定の条件が状況で変わることを論じる。", "en": "Distinguishes nine situations and explains how movement, cohesion, alliances and decisions depend on the setting." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・九地篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Nine situations: act according to circumstances" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E4%B9%9D%E5%9C%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡用兵之法，有散地，有輕地，有爭地，有交地，有衢地，有重地，有圮地，有圍地，有死地。諸侯自戰其地者，為散地；入人之地而不深者，為輕地；我得則利，彼得亦利者，為爭地；我可以往…", "meaning": { "ja": "戦いの状況を九つに分け、進退、結束、連携、意思決定の条件が状況で変わることを論じる。", "en": "Distinguishes nine situations and explains how movement, cohesion, alliances and decisions depend on the setting." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "新規参入、既存顧客への拡張、撤退局面で同じ目標を使わず、各局面の成功条件と責任者の判断範囲を決める。", "en": "Do not use identical goals for entering a market, expanding an account and withdrawing; specify success conditions and decision authority for each." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「状況別の動き方」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using nine situations: act according to circumstances, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-12-attack-by-fire-purpose-and-restraint", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 12, "concept": { "ja": "火攻篇：目的と慎重な判断", "en": "Attack by fire: purpose and restraint" }, "title": { "ja": "火攻篇：目的と慎重な判断", "en": "Attack by fire: purpose and restraint" }, "summary": { "ja": "火を使う攻撃の条件と危険を述べ、利益と目的に合う行動を選び、怒りだけで動かないよう戒める。", "en": "Examines the conditions and dangers of fire attacks, urging action aligned with an objective rather than anger." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・火攻篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · Attack by fire: purpose and restraint" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E7%81%AB%E6%94%BB%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡火攻有五：一曰火人，二曰火積，三曰火輜，四曰火庫，五曰火隊。行火必有因，烟火必素具。發火有時，起火有日。時者，天之燥也。日者，月在箕、壁、翼、軫也。凡此四宿者，風起之日也…", "meaning": { "ja": "火を使う攻撃の条件と危険を述べ、利益と目的に合う行動を選び、怒りだけで動かないよう戒める。", "en": "Examines the conditions and dangers of fire attacks, urging action aligned with an objective rather than anger." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "競合への反発だけで施策を始めそうなときは、顧客に生じる価値、失敗時の損害、停止方法を確認してから決める。", "en": "When a response is driven by irritation at a competitor, assess customer value, possible harm and a stopping method before deciding." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「目的と慎重な判断」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using attack by fire: purpose and restraint, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-13-the-use-of-spies-information-from-people", "source": "sunzi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 13, "concept": { "ja": "用間篇：人から得る情報", "en": "The use of spies: information from people" }, "title": { "ja": "用間篇：人から得る情報", "en": "The use of spies: information from people" }, "summary": { "ja": "情報の価値、情報を扱う人と仕組み、相手を知るために人の知見を使うことを論じる。", "en": "Discusses the value of information, the people and systems handling it and the importance of human knowledge of the other side." }, "topic": "strategy", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孫子・用間篇", "en": "Sunzi · The Art of War · The use of spies: information from people" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E5%AD%90%E5%85%B5%E6%B3%95&oldid=7906064#%E7%94%A8%E9%96%93%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孫子曰：凡興師十萬，出征千里，百姓之費，公家之奉，日費千金，內外騷動，怠于道路，不得操事者，七十萬家。相守數年，以爭一日之勝，而愛爵祿百金，不知敵之情者，不仁之至也，非人之將也，非…", "meaning": { "ja": "情報の価値、情報を扱う人と仕組み、相手を知るために人の知見を使うことを論じる。", "en": "Discusses the value of information, the people and systems handling it and the importance of human knowledge of the other side." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "顧客の意向を予想だけで決めず、許可を得た聞き取りと公開資料を用い、観測日と伝聞か直接確認かを記録する。", "en": "Use consented customer interviews and public materials rather than guesses; record dates and whether evidence is direct or secondhand." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人から得る情報」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using the use of spies: information from people, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-01-xue-er-learning-and-trust", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 1, "concept": { "ja": "学而篇：学びと信頼", "en": "Xue Er: learning and trust" }, "title": { "ja": "学而篇：学びと信頼", "en": "Xue Er: learning and trust" }, "summary": { "ja": "学びを繰り返すこと、日々の省察、信頼、礼、生活での実践を扱う。", "en": "Explores repeated practice, daily reflection, trust, ritual and putting learning into everyday conduct." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・学而篇", "en": "The Analects · Xue Er: learning and trust" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%AD%B8%E8%80%8C%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子曰：「學而時習之，不亦說乎？有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎？人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？」", "meaning": { "ja": "学びを繰り返すこと、日々の省察、信頼、礼、生活での実践を扱う。", "en": "Explores repeated practice, daily reflection, trust, ritual and putting learning into everyday conduct." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "研修を受けた後、実際の案件で一つ試し、できた点と困った点を記録して次の練習を決める。", "en": "After training, try one method in an actual task; record what worked and what was difficult, then choose the next practice." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「学びと信頼」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using xue er: learning and trust, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-02-wei-zheng-governance-and-judgment", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 2, "concept": { "ja": "為政篇：統治と判断の基礎", "en": "Wei Zheng: governance and judgment" }, "title": { "ja": "為政篇：統治と判断の基礎", "en": "Wei Zheng: governance and judgment" }, "summary": { "ja": "徳による統治、学びと思考、知ることと知らないこと、孝や信頼について問答を重ねる。", "en": "Presents conversations on governance by virtue, study and reflection, acknowledging knowledge limits, family conduct and trust." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・為政篇", "en": "The Analects · Wei Zheng: governance and judgment" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E7%88%B2%E6%94%BF%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子曰：「爲政以德，譬如北辰，居其所，而眾星共之。」", "meaning": { "ja": "徳による統治、学びと思考、知ることと知らないこと、孝や信頼について問答を重ねる。", "en": "Presents conversations on governance by virtue, study and reflection, acknowledging knowledge limits, family conduct and trust." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "判断会議では確認済みの事実と仮説を分け、未確認の条件によって結論が変わる案を先に調べる。", "en": "In a decision meeting, separate verified facts from hypotheses; investigate an unknown that could change the conclusion." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「統治と判断の基礎」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using wei zheng: governance and judgment, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-03-ba-yi-ritual-and-substance", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 3, "concept": { "ja": "八佾篇：形式と中身", "en": "Ba Yi: ritual and substance" }, "title": { "ja": "八佾篇：形式と中身", "en": "Ba Yi: ritual and substance" }, "summary": { "ja": "礼や音楽を取り上げ、立場に合う振る舞いと、形式を支える心のあり方を問う。", "en": "Discusses ritual and music, appropriate conduct and the intentions that give formal actions substance." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・八佾篇", "en": "The Analects · Ba Yi: ritual and substance" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%85%AB%E4%BD%BE%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孔子謂季氏：「八佾舞於庭。是可忍也，孰不可忍也！」", "meaning": { "ja": "礼や音楽を取り上げ、立場に合う振る舞いと、形式を支える心のあり方を問う。", "en": "Discusses ritual and music, appropriate conduct and the intentions that give formal actions substance." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "定例会議が形式だけになっているなら、何を決める場か、必要な資料は何かを定め、目的を果たさない項目を見直す。", "en": "If a recurring meeting has become ceremonial, define the decision and required materials; revise agenda items that serve no purpose." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「形式と中身」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using ba yi: ritual and substance, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-04-li-ren-values-and-conduct", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 4, "concept": { "ja": "里仁篇：価値と行動", "en": "Li Ren: values and conduct" }, "title": { "ja": "里仁篇：価値と行動", "en": "Li Ren: values and conduct" }, "summary": { "ja": "仁に近づく生き方、利益と義の関係、他人から学び自らを省みる態度を述べる。", "en": "Considers humane conduct, the relationship of gain and right action and learning from others while examining oneself." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・里仁篇", "en": "The Analects · Li Ren: values and conduct" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E9%87%8C%E4%BB%81%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子曰：「里仁爲美。擇不處仁，焉得知？」", "meaning": { "ja": "仁に近づく生き方、利益と義の関係、他人から学び自らを省みる態度を述べる。", "en": "Considers humane conduct, the relationship of gain and right action and learning from others while examining oneself." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "利益のある案件でも、顧客への約束や品質基準と合うかを確認し、受けない条件を受注前に明文化する。", "en": "Even for a profitable opportunity, check customer commitments and quality standards; state refusal conditions before accepting it." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「価値と行動」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using li ren: values and conduct, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-05-gong-ye-chang-people-and-evaluation", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 5, "concept": { "ja": "公冶長篇：人物と評価", "en": "Gong Ye Chang: people and evaluation" }, "title": { "ja": "公冶長篇：人物と評価", "en": "Gong Ye Chang: people and evaluation" }, "summary": { "ja": "弟子や人物の言動を評価する問答が続き、言葉、能力、行いを簡単に同一視しない。", "en": "Evaluates people through conversations and conduct, without treating speech, ability and action as equivalent." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・公冶長篇", "en": "The Analects · Gong Ye Chang: people and evaluation" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%85%AC%E5%86%B6%E9%95%B7%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子謂公冶長，「可妻也；雖在縲絏一作「紲」之中，非其罪也。」以其子妻之。", "meaning": { "ja": "弟子や人物の言動を評価する問答が続き、言葉、能力、行いを簡単に同一視しない。", "en": "Evaluates people through conversations and conduct, without treating speech, ability and action as equivalent." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "採用や配置を印象だけで決めず、任せる仕事に近い作業例、過去の行動、本人の希望を別々に確認する。", "en": "For hiring or assignment, examine work samples, past behavior and the person’s preferences separately rather than relying on impressions." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人物と評価」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using gong ye chang: people and evaluation, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-06-yong-ye-development-suited-to-the-person", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 6, "concept": { "ja": "雍也篇：役割に合う育成", "en": "Yong Ye: development suited to the person" }, "title": { "ja": "雍也篇：役割に合う育成", "en": "Yong Ye: development suited to the person" }, "summary": { "ja": "人物の資質や学ぶ態度、仁を実践すること、相手に応じた教え方を扱う。", "en": "Explores personal qualities, attitudes to learning, humane conduct and instruction suited to the learner." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・雍也篇", "en": "The Analects · Yong Ye: development suited to the person" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E9%9B%8D%E4%B9%9F%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子曰：「雍也，可使南面。」仲弓問子桑伯子。子曰：「可也，簡。」仲弓曰：「居敬而行簡，以臨其民，不亦可乎？居簡而行簡，無乃大簡乎？」子曰：「雍之言然。」", "meaning": { "ja": "人物の資質や学ぶ態度、仁を実践すること、相手に応じた教え方を扱う。", "en": "Explores personal qualities, attitudes to learning, humane conduct and instruction suited to the learner." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "全員に同じ教育を課す前に、担当する仕事と現在の習熟度を確かめ、各人が次に試す課題を決める。", "en": "Before assigning identical training, check each person’s work and current proficiency; choose their next practical task." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「役割に合う育成」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using yong ye: development suited to the person, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-07-shu-er-continuing-to-learn", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 7, "concept": { "ja": "述而篇：学び続ける姿勢", "en": "Shu Er: continuing to learn" }, "title": { "ja": "述而篇：学び続ける姿勢", "en": "Shu Er: continuing to learn" }, "summary": { "ja": "孔子の学ぶ姿勢、教える態度、他者から学ぶこと、知識と実践への向き合い方を示す。", "en": "Describes Confucius’s approach to learning, teaching, learning from others and relating knowledge to practice." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・述而篇", "en": "The Analects · Shu Er: continuing to learn" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E8%BF%B0%E8%80%8C%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子曰：「述而不作，信而好古，竊比於我老彭。」", "meaning": { "ja": "孔子の学ぶ姿勢、教える態度、他者から学ぶこと、知識と実践への向き合い方を示す。", "en": "Describes Confucius’s approach to learning, teaching, learning from others and relating knowledge to practice." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "他部署の成果をそのまま真似ず、うまくいった条件と自部署で異なる条件を比べ、試せる部分を選ぶ。", "en": "Do not copy another department’s success unchanged; compare its conditions with your own and choose a part to test." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「学び続ける姿勢」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using shu er: continuing to learn, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-08-tai-bo-responsibility-and-continuity", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 8, "concept": { "ja": "泰伯篇：責任と継続", "en": "Tai Bo: responsibility and continuity" }, "title": { "ja": "泰伯篇：責任と継続", "en": "Tai Bo: responsibility and continuity" }, "summary": { "ja": "徳、礼、学ぶ態度、担う役割の重さを論じ、長く続ける責任を考える。", "en": "Considers virtue, ritual, learning and the weight of responsibilities sustained over time." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・泰伯篇", "en": "The Analects · Tai Bo: responsibility and continuity" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E6%B3%B0%E4%BC%AF%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子曰：「泰伯，其可謂至德也已矣！三以天下讓，民無得而稱焉。」", "meaning": { "ja": "徳、礼、学ぶ態度、担う役割の重さを論じ、長く続ける責任を考える。", "en": "Considers virtue, ritual, learning and the weight of responsibilities sustained over time." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "長期案件では担当者の熱意だけに頼らず、引き継ぎ、記録、休むときの代替担当を決める。", "en": "For a long project, support commitment with handoffs, records and backup ownership when someone is absent." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「責任と継続」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using tai bo: responsibility and continuity, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-09-zi-han-change-and-persistence", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 9, "concept": { "ja": "子罕篇：変化と粘り強さ", "en": "Zi Han: change and persistence" }, "title": { "ja": "子罕篇：変化と粘り強さ", "en": "Zi Han: change and persistence" }, "summary": { "ja": "孔子の応答や行動を通じ、学びの継続、変化する時間、困難に向き合う態度を扱う。", "en": "Uses conversations and conduct to examine continued learning, passing time and responding to difficulty." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・子罕篇", "en": "The Analects · Zi Han: change and persistence" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%AD%90%E7%BD%95%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子罕言利與命與仁。", "meaning": { "ja": "孔子の応答や行動を通じ、学びの継続、変化する時間、困難に向き合う態度を扱う。", "en": "Uses conversations and conduct to examine continued learning, passing time and responding to difficulty." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "改善が途中で止まるなら、進捗を小さな単位で見えるようにし、続ける理由と変更が必要な条件を分ける。", "en": "When improvement stalls, make progress visible in small units; distinguish reasons to persist from conditions requiring change." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「変化と粘り強さ」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using zi han: change and persistence, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-10-xiang-dang-everyday-conduct", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 10, "concept": { "ja": "郷党篇：日常の振る舞い", "en": "Xiang Dang: everyday conduct" }, "title": { "ja": "郷党篇：日常の振る舞い", "en": "Xiang Dang: everyday conduct" }, "summary": { "ja": "孔子の公的な場や日常での振る舞い、衣食、礼に関する具体的な記録をまとめる。", "en": "Records concrete conduct in public and everyday settings, including dress, food and ritual." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・郷党篇", "en": "The Analects · Xiang Dang: everyday conduct" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E9%84%89%E9%BB%A8%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孔子於鄉黨，恂恂如也，似不能言者。其在宗廟朝廷，便便言，唯謹爾。", "meaning": { "ja": "孔子の公的な場や日常での振る舞い、衣食、礼に関する具体的な記録をまとめる。", "en": "Records concrete conduct in public and everyday settings, including dress, food and ritual." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "接客や会議の作法を曖昧な人物像で教えず、場面ごとの動作と目的を手順にし、現場で使えるか確認する。", "en": "Teach service or meeting conduct through observable actions and their purposes, then check whether the procedure works in practice." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「日常の振る舞い」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using xiang dang: everyday conduct, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-11-xian-jin-differences-between-people", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 11, "concept": { "ja": "先進篇：人による違い", "en": "Xian Jin: differences between people" }, "title": { "ja": "先進篇：人による違い", "en": "Xian Jin: differences between people" }, "summary": { "ja": "弟子の特徴や応答を記録し、同じ問いにも相手に応じた答えがあることを示す。", "en": "Records disciples’ characteristics and responses, showing that guidance to a similar question can depend on the person." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・先進篇", "en": "The Analects · Xian Jin: differences between people" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%85%88%E9%80%B2%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子曰：「先進於禮樂，野人也；後進於禮樂，君子也。如用之，則吾從先進。」", "meaning": { "ja": "弟子の特徴や応答を記録し、同じ問いにも相手に応じた答えがあることを示す。", "en": "Records disciples’ characteristics and responses, showing that guidance to a similar question can depend on the person." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "指示が伝わらない場合は、本人の経験、判断権限、不足する情報を確かめ、支援の内容を変える。", "en": "When an instruction fails, check experience, decision authority and missing information; change the support offered." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人による違い」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using xian jin: differences between people, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-12-yan-yuan-humane-conduct-and-trust", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 12, "concept": { "ja": "顔淵篇：仁と信頼", "en": "Yan Yuan: humane conduct and trust" }, "title": { "ja": "顔淵篇：仁と信頼", "en": "Yan Yuan: humane conduct and trust" }, "summary": { "ja": "仁、自己を律すること、相手への配慮、政治や信頼について弟子の問いに答える。", "en": "Answers questions on humane conduct, self-discipline, consideration for others, governance and trust." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・顔淵篇", "en": "The Analects · Yan Yuan: humane conduct and trust" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E9%A1%8F%E6%B7%B5%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "顏淵問「仁」。子曰：「克己復禮爲仁。一日克己復禮，天下歸仁焉，爲仁由己，而由人乎哉？」顏淵曰：「請問其目。」子曰：「非禮勿視，非禮勿聽，非禮勿言，非禮勿動。」顏淵曰：「回雖不敏，請…", "meaning": { "ja": "仁、自己を律すること、相手への配慮、政治や信頼について弟子の問いに答える。", "en": "Answers questions on humane conduct, self-discipline, consideration for others, governance and trust." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "サービスの手順を作る際は、提供側の都合だけでなく、説明不足や解約の手間など顧客が負う負担を点検する。", "en": "When designing a service process, inspect customer burdens such as unclear explanations and cancellation effort alongside the provider’s convenience." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「仁と信頼」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using yan yuan: humane conduct and trust, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-13-zi-lu-execution-and-cooperation", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 13, "concept": { "ja": "子路篇：実行と協調", "en": "Zi Lu: execution and cooperation" }, "title": { "ja": "子路篇：実行と協調", "en": "Zi Lu: execution and cooperation" }, "summary": { "ja": "政治の実行、名と実の関係、急ぐことの害、和して同じ意見を強いない姿勢を扱う。", "en": "Explores execution, the relationship of names to responsibilities, harmful haste and cooperation without enforced agreement." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・子路篇", "en": "The Analects · Zi Lu: execution and cooperation" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%AD%90%E8%B7%AF%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子路問政。子曰：「先之，勞之。」請益，曰：「無倦。」", "meaning": { "ja": "政治の実行、名と実の関係、急ぐことの害、和して同じ意見を強いない姿勢を扱う。", "en": "Explores execution, the relationship of names to responsibilities, harmful haste and cooperation without enforced agreement." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "意見が割れた会議では、目的と担当する役割を確認し、反対意見を条件として記録して比較実験を決める。", "en": "In a divided meeting, clarify purpose and roles, record objections as conditions and choose a comparative test." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「実行と協調」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using zi lu: execution and cooperation, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-14-xian-wen-evaluating-conduct-and-restraint", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 14, "concept": { "ja": "憲問篇：人物の判断と節度", "en": "Xian Wen: evaluating conduct and restraint" }, "title": { "ja": "憲問篇：人物の判断と節度", "en": "Xian Wen: evaluating conduct and restraint" }, "summary": { "ja": "人物や政治の評価、言葉と行い、利益と義、勇気や節度について多くの問答を収める。", "en": "Collects discussions of people, governance, words and conduct, gain and right action, courage and restraint." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・憲問篇", "en": "The Analects · Xian Wen: evaluating conduct and restraint" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E6%86%B2%E5%95%8F%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "憲問「恥」。子曰：「邦有道，穀；邦無道，穀，恥也。」", "meaning": { "ja": "人物や政治の評価、言葉と行い、利益と義、勇気や節度について多くの問答を収める。", "en": "Collects discussions of people, governance, words and conduct, gain and right action, courage and restraint." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "成果を評価するとき、結果の数字だけでなく、採った方法、他者への負担、約束を守ったかを分けて確認する。", "en": "Evaluate outcomes alongside methods, burdens on others and fulfillment of commitments rather than using numbers alone." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人物の判断と節度」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using xian wen: evaluating conduct and restraint, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-15-wei-ling-gong-correction-and-judgment", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 15, "concept": { "ja": "衛霊公篇：修正と判断", "en": "Wei Ling Gong: correction and judgment" }, "title": { "ja": "衛霊公篇：修正と判断", "en": "Wei Ling Gong: correction and judgment" }, "summary": { "ja": "学び、過ちの修正、配慮、人物と発言を分けて考えること、行動の基準を論じる。", "en": "Discusses learning, correcting mistakes, consideration, evaluating statements separately from speakers and standards for action." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・衛霊公篇", "en": "The Analects · Wei Ling Gong: correction and judgment" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E8%A1%9E%E9%9D%88%E5%85%AC%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "衞靈公問陳於孔子。孔子對曰：「俎豆之事，則嘗聞之矣；軍旅之事，未之學也。」明日遂行。在陳絕糧。從者病，莫能興。子路慍見曰：「君子亦有窮乎？」子曰：「君子固窮，小人窮斯濫矣。」", "meaning": { "ja": "学び、過ちの修正、配慮、人物と発言を分けて考えること、行動の基準を論じる。", "en": "Discusses learning, correcting mistakes, consideration, evaluating statements separately from speakers and standards for action." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "失敗が分かった施策は、擁護する説明を増やす前に、影響を確認し、修正案と再発を確かめる条件を決める。", "en": "Once a mistake is established, assess the impact and define correction and recurrence checks before adding defensive explanations." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「修正と判断」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using wei ling gong: correction and judgment, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-16-ji-shi-authority-and-responsibility", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 16, "concept": { "ja": "季氏篇：権限と責任", "en": "Ji Shi: authority and responsibility" }, "title": { "ja": "季氏篇：権限と責任", "en": "Ji Shi: authority and responsibility" }, "summary": { "ja": "季氏の政治、立場に伴う責任、良い友や悪い友、学び方と節度を扱う。", "en": "Examines political power, responsibility associated with a position, relationships, learning and restraint." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・季氏篇", "en": "The Analects · Ji Shi: authority and responsibility" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%AD%A3%E6%B0%8F%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "季氏將伐顓臾。冉有季路見於孔子曰：「季氏將有事於顓臾。」孔子曰：「求！無乃爾是過與？夫顓臾，昔者先王以爲東蒙主，且在邦域之中矣，是社稷之臣也。何以伐爲？」冉有曰：「夫子欲之，吾二臣…", "meaning": { "ja": "季氏の政治、立場に伴う責任、良い友や悪い友、学び方と節度を扱う。", "en": "Examines political power, responsibility associated with a position, relationships, learning and restraint." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "問題の報告を部下に任せきりにせず、責任者が確認すべき条件と、現場が決めてよい範囲を明文化する。", "en": "State what leaders must check and what the team may decide, instead of delegating responsibility for a problem’s reporting entirely downward." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「権限と責任」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using ji shi: authority and responsibility, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-17-yang-huo-dispositions-and-learning", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 17, "concept": { "ja": "陽貨篇：資質と学習", "en": "Yang Huo: dispositions and learning" }, "title": { "ja": "陽貨篇：資質と学習", "en": "Yang Huo: dispositions and learning" }, "summary": { "ja": "人の資質と習慣、仁や勇などの徳と学びの関係、言葉や音楽を論じる。", "en": "Explores dispositions and habits, the relationship of virtues such as kindness or courage to learning, and language and music." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・陽貨篇", "en": "The Analects · Yang Huo: dispositions and learning" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E9%99%BD%E8%B2%A8%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "陽貨欲見孔子，孔子不見，歸孔子豚。孔子時其亡也，而往拜之，遇諸塗。謂孔子曰：「來，予與爾言。」曰：「懷其寶而迷其邦，可謂仁乎？」曰：「不可。」「好從事而亟失時，可謂知乎？」曰：「不…", "meaning": { "ja": "人の資質と習慣、仁や勇などの徳と学びの関係、言葉や音楽を論じる。", "en": "Explores dispositions and habits, the relationship of virtues such as kindness or courage to learning, and language and music." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "長所が問題を生む場面を探し、速さなら確認漏れ、慎重さなら判断の遅れというように、補う手順を設ける。", "en": "Look for situations where a strength causes problems, such as speed creating omissions or caution delaying decisions; add a compensating procedure." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「資質と学習」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using yang huo: dispositions and learning, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-18-wei-zi-choosing-whether-to-serve", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 18, "concept": { "ja": "微子篇：去就の判断", "en": "Wei Zi: choosing whether to serve" }, "title": { "ja": "微子篇：去就の判断", "en": "Wei Zi: choosing whether to serve" }, "summary": { "ja": "政治の混乱の中での人物の去就や、隠者と孔子の対話を通じ、関わるか離れるかを考える。", "en": "Examines whether to serve or withdraw amid political disorder through accounts of figures and conversations with recluses." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・微子篇", "en": "The Analects · Wei Zi: choosing whether to serve" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%BE%AE%E5%AD%90%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "微子去之，箕子爲之奴，比干諫而死。孔子曰：「殷有三仁焉。」", "meaning": { "ja": "政治の混乱の中での人物の去就や、隠者と孔子の対話を通じ、関わるか離れるかを考える。", "en": "Examines whether to serve or withdraw amid political disorder through accounts of figures and conversations with recluses." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "続ける案件と離れる案件を考えるときは、変えられる条件、守る責任、退出後の影響を整理して決める。", "en": "When deciding whether to remain in a project, assess conditions you can change, obligations to honor and consequences of leaving." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「去就の判断」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using wei zi: choosing whether to serve, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-19-zi-zhang-disciples-on-learning", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 19, "concept": { "ja": "子張篇：弟子による学びの議論", "en": "Zi Zhang: disciples on learning" }, "title": { "ja": "子張篇：弟子による学びの議論", "en": "Zi Zhang: disciples on learning" }, "summary": { "ja": "弟子たちが学び、交わり、信頼、役割や孔子の教えについて語る記録を収める。", "en": "Collects disciples’ discussions of learning, relationships, trust, roles and Confucius’s teaching." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・子張篇", "en": "The Analects · Zi Zhang: disciples on learning" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%AD%90%E5%BC%B5%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子張曰：「士見危致命，見得思義，祭思敬，喪思哀，其可已矣。」", "meaning": { "ja": "弟子たちが学び、交わり、信頼、役割や孔子の教えについて語る記録を収める。", "en": "Collects disciples’ discussions of learning, relationships, trust, roles and Confucius’s teaching." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "組織の方針が人によって違って伝わるなら、実際の判断例を集め、共通の基準と意見が分かれる条件を整理する。", "en": "If a policy is interpreted differently, collect actual decisions and distinguish shared criteria from conditions producing disagreement." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「弟子による学びの議論」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using zi zhang: disciples on learning, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-20-yao-yue-conditions-of-governance", "source": "analects", "kind": "chapter", "order": 20, "concept": { "ja": "堯曰篇：統治の条件", "en": "Yao Yue: conditions of governance" }, "title": { "ja": "堯曰篇：統治の条件", "en": "Yao Yue: conditions of governance" }, "summary": { "ja": "統治の継承と責任、政治で尊ぶべき行動と避けるべき行動、言葉と人を知ることを扱う。", "en": "Addresses succession, responsibilities of governance, conduct to cultivate or avoid and understanding language and people." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "論語・堯曰篇", "en": "The Analects · Yao Yue: conditions of governance" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%96%E8%AA%9E/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=1082965#%E5%A0%AF%E6%9B%B0%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "堯曰：「咨！爾舜！天之曆數在爾躬，允執其中！四海困窮，天祿永終。」舜亦以命禹。曰：「予小子履，敢用玄牡，敢昭吿于皇皇后帝：有罪不敢赦。帝臣不蔽，簡在帝心！朕躬有罪，無以萬方；萬方有…", "meaning": { "ja": "統治の継承と責任、政治で尊ぶべき行動と避けるべき行動、言葉と人を知ることを扱う。", "en": "Addresses succession, responsibilities of governance, conduct to cultivate or avoid and understanding language and people." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "管理の方針を変えるときは、現場への説明、必要な教育、判断基準を先に揃え、結果だけを突然要求しない。", "en": "Before changing management policy, prepare explanations, training and criteria rather than suddenly demanding results." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「統治の条件」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using yao yue: conditions of governance, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-01-words-and-what-they-describe", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 1, "concept": { "ja": "第1章：言葉と対象", "en": "Words and what they describe" }, "title": { "ja": "第1章：言葉と対象", "en": "Words and what they describe" }, "summary": { "ja": "道や名を固定した説明で捉えきれないことを述べ、有と無の両面から見る。", "en": "Questions whether fixed words capture the Way and considers both presence and absence." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第1章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Words and what they describe" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "道可道，非常道，名可名，非常名；", "meaning": { "ja": "道や名を固定した説明で捉えきれないことを述べ、有と無の両面から見る。", "en": "Questions whether fixed words capture the Way and considers both presence and absence." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "事業の定義や顧客像を固定しすぎていないか、定義から外れる実例を集めて見直す。", "en": "Collect cases outside your business definition or customer profile and revise assumptions that have become too rigid." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「言葉と対象」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using words and what they describe, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-02-relative-judgments", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 2, "concept": { "ja": "第2章：相対的な評価", "en": "Relative judgments" }, "title": { "ja": "第2章：相対的な評価", "en": "Relative judgments" }, "summary": { "ja": "美と醜、善と不善などが相互に成り立つことを示し、成果を所有しない態度を述べる。", "en": "Explores paired judgments and action without claiming ownership of its results." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第2章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Relative judgments" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天下皆知美之為美，斯惡已。皆知善之為善，斯不善已。故有無相生，難易相成，長短相較，高下相傾，音聲相和，前後相隨。", "meaning": { "ja": "美と醜、善と不善などが相互に成り立つことを示し、成果を所有しない態度を述べる。", "en": "Explores paired judgments and action without claiming ownership of its results." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "機能や価格の優劣を述べる前に、比較対象と顧客の条件を明示して評価する。", "en": "State the comparison and customer conditions before calling a feature or price superior." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「相対的な評価」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using relative judgments, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-03-incentives-that-intensify-rivalry", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 3, "concept": { "ja": "第3章：競争を煽る仕組み", "en": "Incentives that intensify rivalry" }, "title": { "ja": "第3章：競争を煽る仕組み", "en": "Incentives that intensify rivalry" }, "summary": { "ja": "賢や希少な物を過度に尊ぶことが争いや欲望を生むと述べ、無為の統治を論じる。", "en": "Links exaggerated status and scarce possessions to rivalry and desire, then discusses non-forcing governance." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第3章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Incentives that intensify rivalry" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "不尚賢，使民不爭；不貴難得之貨，使民不為盜；不見可欲，使民心不亂。", "meaning": { "ja": "賢や希少な物を過度に尊ぶことが争いや欲望を生むと述べ、無為の統治を論じる。", "en": "Links exaggerated status and scarce possessions to rivalry and desire, then discusses non-forcing governance." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "個人成績の順位付けが協力を損なうなら、チームへの貢献と引き継ぎも評価に入れる。", "en": "If rankings damage cooperation, include team contributions and effective handoffs in evaluation." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「競争を煽る仕組み」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using incentives that intensify rivalry, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-04-leaving-room", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 4, "concept": { "ja": "第4章：余地を残す", "en": "Leaving room" }, "title": { "ja": "第4章：余地を残す", "en": "Leaving room" }, "summary": { "ja": "道を空虚で尽きないものとして捉え、鋭さやもつれを和らげる姿を示す。", "en": "Presents the Way as empty yet inexhaustible, softening sharpness and untangling conflict." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第4章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Leaving room" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "道沖而用之或不盈，淵兮似萬物之宗；挫其銳，解其紛，和其光，同其塵，湛兮似或存。吾不知誰之子，象帝之先。", "meaning": { "ja": "道を空虚で尽きないものとして捉え、鋭さやもつれを和らげる姿を示す。", "en": "Presents the Way as empty yet inexhaustible, softening sharpness and untangling conflict." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "計画の余裕がなく小さな変更で崩れるなら、作業と判断に空きを残して負荷を試す。", "en": "If small changes break the plan, reserve room for work and decisions and test the load." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「余地を残す」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using leaving room, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-05-preserving-the-center", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 5, "concept": { "ja": "第5章：中を守る", "en": "Preserving the center" }, "title": { "ja": "第5章：中を守る", "en": "Preserving the center" }, "summary": { "ja": "天地を人間の好みに合わせる存在とせず、空間の働きと多言の限界を述べる。", "en": "Treats heaven and earth as independent of personal favor and examines emptiness and excessive speech." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第5章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Preserving the center" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天地不仁，以萬物為芻狗；", "meaning": { "ja": "天地を人間の好みに合わせる存在とせず、空間の働きと多言の限界を述べる。", "en": "Treats heaven and earth as independent of personal favor and examines emptiness and excessive speech." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "会議で説明を増やし続けるより、判断に必要な問いと根拠を一枚に整理する。", "en": "Instead of adding more meeting explanations, summarize the decision question and evidence on one page." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「中を守る」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using preserving the center, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-06-a-sustaining-function", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 6, "concept": { "ja": "第6章：持続する働き", "en": "A sustaining function" }, "title": { "ja": "第6章：持続する働き", "en": "A sustaining function" }, "summary": { "ja": "谷の神や玄牝を比喩として、尽きにくく継続する道の働きを表す。", "en": "Uses the valley spirit and mysterious female as images of a sustaining source." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第6章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · A sustaining function" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "谷神不死，是謂玄牝。玄牝之門，是謂天地根。緜緜若存，用之不勤。", "meaning": { "ja": "谷の神や玄牝を比喩として、尽きにくく継続する道の働きを表す。", "en": "Uses the valley spirit and mysterious female as images of a sustaining source." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "一度の売上だけでなく、顧客が継続して使える保守、補充、問い合わせ対応を設計する。", "en": "Design maintenance, replenishment and support that sustain use beyond a single sale." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「持続する働き」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using a sustaining function, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-07-not-putting-oneself-first", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 7, "concept": { "ja": "第7章：自分を先に置かない", "en": "Not putting oneself first" }, "title": { "ja": "第7章：自分を先に置かない", "en": "Not putting oneself first" }, "summary": { "ja": "天地の長久と、聖人が自分の利を先にしない態度を結びつける。", "en": "Connects endurance with an attitude that does not put one’s own advantage first." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第7章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Not putting oneself first" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天長地久。天地所以能長且久者，以其不自生，", "meaning": { "ja": "天地の長久と、聖人が自分の利を先にしない態度を結びつける。", "en": "Connects endurance with an attitude that does not put one’s own advantage first." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "責任者の都合で順番を決めず、顧客と現場の困りごとを先に確認して優先順位を決める。", "en": "Set priorities after hearing customers and the team rather than solely for a manager’s convenience." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「自分を先に置かない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using not putting oneself first, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-08-the-best-conduct-resembles-water", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 8, "concept": { "ja": "第8章：上善若水", "en": "The best conduct resembles water" }, "title": { "ja": "第8章：上善若水", "en": "The best conduct resembles water" }, "summary": { "ja": "水が万物を利し、争わず低い場所にいる姿から、行動のあり方を述べる。", "en": "Uses water’s benefit to others, non-contention and low position to describe good conduct." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第8章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · The best conduct resembles water" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "上善若水。水善利萬物而不爭，處眾人之所惡，", "meaning": { "ja": "水が万物を利し、争わず低い場所にいる姿から、行動のあり方を述べる。", "en": "Uses water’s benefit to others, non-contention and low position to describe good conduct." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "目立つ施策だけでなく、顧客がつまずく手続きや引き継ぎを改善する仕事を選ぶ。", "en": "Choose improvements to customer procedures and handoffs alongside more visible initiatives." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「上善若水」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using the best conduct resembles water, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-09-avoiding-excess", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 9, "concept": { "ja": "第9章：過剰を避ける", "en": "Avoiding excess" }, "title": { "ja": "第9章：過剰を避ける", "en": "Avoiding excess" }, "summary": { "ja": "満たしすぎること、鋭くしすぎること、富貴への驕りを戒め、功成り身退くと述べる。", "en": "Warns against overfilling, excessive sharpness and arrogance, then discusses withdrawing after completion." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第9章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Avoiding excess" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B9%9D%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "持而盈之，不如其已；", "meaning": { "ja": "満たしすぎること、鋭くしすぎること、富貴への驕りを戒め、功成り身退くと述べる。", "en": "Warns against overfilling, excessive sharpness and arrogance, then discusses withdrawing after completion." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "成功した施策の拡大でも、供給と品質が保てる上限と、責任を引き継ぐ条件を決める。", "en": "Even after success, define expansion limits that preserve supply and quality and conditions for transferring responsibility." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「過剰を避ける」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using avoiding excess, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-10-develop-without-possessing", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 10, "concept": { "ja": "第10章：育てて支配しない", "en": "Develop without possessing" }, "title": { "ja": "第10章：育てて支配しない", "en": "Develop without possessing" }, "summary": { "ja": "心身や知のあり方を問い、生み育てても所有や支配を求めない徳を示す。", "en": "Questions the use of body, mind and knowledge and describes nurturing without possession or domination." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第10章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Develop without possessing" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "載營魄抱一，能無離乎？", "meaning": { "ja": "心身や知のあり方を問い、生み育てても所有や支配を求めない徳を示す。", "en": "Questions the use of body, mind and knowledge and describes nurturing without possession or domination." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "部下に任せた仕事へ細かく介入し続けず、成果条件、相談する境界、確認の機会を決める。", "en": "For delegated work, set outcomes, consultation boundaries and review points instead of constant intervention." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「育てて支配しない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using develop without possessing, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-11-the-usefulness-of-empty-space", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 11, "concept": { "ja": "第11章：無の用", "en": "The usefulness of empty space" }, "title": { "ja": "第11章：無の用", "en": "The usefulness of empty space" }, "summary": { "ja": "車輪、器、部屋の空いた部分が、その物を使えるようにすると述べる。", "en": "Shows how empty spaces in a wheel, vessel or room make the object useful." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第11章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · The usefulness of empty space" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "三十輻共一轂，當其無，有車之用。", "meaning": { "ja": "車輪、器、部屋の空いた部分が、その物を使えるようにすると述べる。", "en": "Shows how empty spaces in a wheel, vessel or room make the object useful." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "画面や業務の項目を増やす前に、選ばなくてよいものを減らし、必要な操作を見つけやすくする。", "en": "Before adding fields or steps, remove unnecessary choices and make essential actions easier to find." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「無の用」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using the usefulness of empty space, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-12-stimulus-and-need", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 12, "concept": { "ja": "第12章：刺激と必要", "en": "Stimulus and need" }, "title": { "ja": "第12章：刺激と必要", "en": "Stimulus and need" }, "summary": { "ja": "感覚を強く刺激するものや希少品への追求が、落ち着いた判断を損なうと述べる。", "en": "Discusses how strong sensory stimulation and pursuit of rare goods can disturb judgment." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第12章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Stimulus and need" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "五色令人目盲，五音令人耳聾，五味令人口爽，馳騁畋獵令人心發狂，", "meaning": { "ja": "感覚を強く刺激するものや希少品への追求が、落ち着いた判断を損なうと述べる。", "en": "Discusses how strong sensory stimulation and pursuit of rare goods can disturb judgment." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "話題性だけで新機能を選ばず、顧客の困りごとを解くかと運用負担を比べる。", "en": "Compare customer problem-solving value and operating burden rather than selecting a feature solely for attention." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「刺激と必要」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using stimulus and need, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-13-being-unsettled-by-praise-or-disgrace", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 13, "concept": { "ja": "第13章：評価への動揺", "en": "Being unsettled by praise or disgrace" }, "title": { "ja": "第13章：評価への動揺", "en": "Being unsettled by praise or disgrace" }, "summary": { "ja": "寵愛も屈辱も人を動揺させることと、身を大切にすることを論じる。", "en": "Examines how favor and disgrace unsettle people and considers care for one’s own person." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第13章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Being unsettled by praise or disgrace" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "寵辱若驚，貴大患若身。何謂寵辱若驚？寵為下，得之若驚，失之若驚，是謂寵辱若驚。", "meaning": { "ja": "寵愛も屈辱も人を動揺させることと、身を大切にすることを論じる。", "en": "Examines how favor and disgrace unsettle people and considers care for one’s own person." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "外部の評価が変わるたびに方針を変えず、顧客の利用実態と事前に決めた判断条件へ戻る。", "en": "When external praise changes, return to actual customer use and agreed decision criteria before changing direction." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「評価への動揺」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using being unsettled by praise or disgrace, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-14-what-is-difficult-to-grasp", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 14, "concept": { "ja": "第14章：捉えにくいもの", "en": "What is difficult to grasp" }, "title": { "ja": "第14章：捉えにくいもの", "en": "What is difficult to grasp" }, "summary": { "ja": "見たり聞いたり触れたりして捉えにくい道を述べ、過去の道から現在を考える。", "en": "Describes a Way difficult to see, hear or grasp and relates an earlier way to the present." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第14章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · What is difficult to grasp" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "視之不見名曰夷，聽之不聞名曰希，搏之不得名曰微。此三者，不可致詰，故混而為一。", "meaning": { "ja": "見たり聞いたり触れたりして捉えにくい道を述べ、過去の道から現在を考える。", "en": "Describes a Way difficult to see, hear or grasp and relates an earlier way to the present." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "数字で捉えにくい信頼や連携は、具体的な行動と聞き取りも使って判断する。", "en": "For trust or cooperation that numbers miss, examine observable actions and interviews as well." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「捉えにくいもの」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using what is difficult to grasp, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-15-caution-and-room", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 15, "concept": { "ja": "第15章：慎重さと余白", "en": "Caution and room" }, "title": { "ja": "第15章：慎重さと余白", "en": "Caution and room" }, "summary": { "ja": "古の道を知る者の慎重さ、素朴さ、落ち着くのを待つ態度を描く。", "en": "Describes cautious, plain conduct and allowing disturbance to settle." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第15章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Caution and room" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "古之善為士者，微妙玄通，深不可識。夫唯不可識，故強為之容。豫焉若冬涉川，", "meaning": { "ja": "古の道を知る者の慎重さ、素朴さ、落ち着くのを待つ態度を描く。", "en": "Describes cautious, plain conduct and allowing disturbance to settle." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "急いで結論を出す会議では、不明点を一つ選んで確認し、判断までの期限を決める。", "en": "In a rushed meeting, select an unknown to check and set a decision deadline." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「慎重さと余白」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using caution and room, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-16-returning-to-the-root", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 16, "concept": { "ja": "第16章：原点へ戻る", "en": "Returning to the root" }, "title": { "ja": "第16章：原点へ戻る", "en": "Returning to the root" }, "summary": { "ja": "万物の変化と帰根を観察し、静けさや常を知ることを論じる。", "en": "Observes change and return to roots, discussing stillness and knowledge of recurring patterns." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第16章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Returning to the root" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "致虛極，守靜篤。", "meaning": { "ja": "万物の変化と帰根を観察し、静けさや常を知ることを論じる。", "en": "Observes change and return to roots, discussing stillness and knowledge of recurring patterns." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "施策が増えて目的が見えなくなったら、最初の顧客課題へ戻り、残す施策を選ぶ。", "en": "When initiatives obscure the purpose, return to the original customer problem and select what to retain." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「原点へ戻る」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using returning to the root, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-17-people-recognize-their-own-achievement", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 17, "concept": { "ja": "第17章：自分たちで成し遂げる", "en": "People recognize their own achievement" }, "title": { "ja": "第17章：自分たちで成し遂げる", "en": "People recognize their own achievement" }, "summary": { "ja": "支配者のあり方を段階的に述べ、良い統治の成果を人々が自然な達成と感じる姿を示す。", "en": "Compares forms of leadership and describes people experiencing successful governance as their own achievement." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第17章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · People recognize their own achievement" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "太上，下知有之，", "meaning": { "ja": "支配者のあり方を段階的に述べ、良い統治の成果を人々が自然な達成と感じる姿を示す。", "en": "Compares forms of leadership and describes people experiencing successful governance as their own achievement." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "成果を責任者だけの手柄にせず、現場が決められたことと必要だった支援を記録する。", "en": "Record the team’s decisions and useful support instead of claiming the whole result for a leader." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「自分たちで成し遂げる」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using people recognize their own achievement, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-18-signs-of-relationships-under-strain", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 18, "concept": { "ja": "第18章：失われた関係の兆候", "en": "Signs of relationships under strain" }, "title": { "ja": "第18章：失われた関係の兆候", "en": "Signs of relationships under strain" }, "summary": { "ja": "大道が失われると仁義が強調され、不和や乱れの中で特定の徳が目立つと述べる。", "en": "Relates proclamations of virtue to a loss of the Way and disorder in relationships." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第18章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Signs of relationships under strain" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "大道廢，有仁義；", "meaning": { "ja": "大道が失われると仁義が強調され、不和や乱れの中で特定の徳が目立つと述べる。", "en": "Relates proclamations of virtue to a loss of the Way and disorder in relationships." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "『協力しよう』という標語が増えるほど連携が悪いなら、評価制度と情報共有の障害を調べる。", "en": "If calls for cooperation grow while coordination worsens, inspect incentives and barriers to sharing information." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「失われた関係の兆候」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using signs of relationships under strain, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-19-returning-to-simplicity", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 19, "concept": { "ja": "第19章：素朴さに戻る", "en": "Returning to simplicity" }, "title": { "ja": "第19章：素朴さに戻る", "en": "Returning to simplicity" }, "summary": { "ja": "聖智や巧利への執着を問い、素朴さを保ち私欲を少なくすることを述べる。", "en": "Questions attachment to celebrated wisdom and clever gain, advocating plainness and fewer self-serving desires." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第19章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Returning to simplicity" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "絕聖棄智，民利百倍；絕仁棄義，民復孝慈；絕巧棄利，盜賊無有。此三者以為文不足，故令有所屬﹕見素抱樸，少私寡欲。", "meaning": { "ja": "聖智や巧利への執着を問い、素朴さを保ち私欲を少なくすることを述べる。", "en": "Questions attachment to celebrated wisdom and clever gain, advocating plainness and fewer self-serving desires." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "複雑な仕組みを入れる前に、必要な仕事だけを手順にし、技術や制度を増やす理由を確かめる。", "en": "Before adopting a complex system, define the necessary work and justify each additional tool or rule." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「素朴さに戻る」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using returning to simplicity, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-20-distance-from-prevailing-measures", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 20, "concept": { "ja": "第20章：世間の尺度との距離", "en": "Distance from prevailing measures" }, "title": { "ja": "第20章：世間の尺度との距離", "en": "Distance from prevailing measures" }, "summary": { "ja": "世間の評価や楽しみとの距離を語り、独自の姿勢を守る語り手を描く。", "en": "Describes distance from prevailing judgments and pleasures while retaining a distinct orientation." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第20章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Distance from prevailing measures" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "絕學無憂，唯之與阿，相去幾何？善之與惡，相去若何？人之所畏，不可不畏。", "meaning": { "ja": "世間の評価や楽しみとの距離を語り、独自の姿勢を守る語り手を描く。", "en": "Describes distance from prevailing judgments and pleasures while retaining a distinct orientation." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "業界で流行する指標を採る前に、自社の顧客価値を測れるかを検討する。", "en": "Before adopting a fashionable industry metric, check whether it measures value for your customers." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「世間の尺度との距離」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using distance from prevailing measures, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-21-clues-within-uncertainty", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 21, "concept": { "ja": "第21章：曖昧な中の手がかり", "en": "Clues within uncertainty" }, "title": { "ja": "第21章：曖昧な中の手がかり", "en": "Clues within uncertainty" }, "summary": { "ja": "捉えにくい道の中にも象や物、確かさがあると述べ、始まりを問う。", "en": "Considers form, substance and reliability within a difficult-to-grasp Way." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第21章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Clues within uncertainty" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孔德之容，惟道是從。", "meaning": { "ja": "捉えにくい道の中にも象や物、確かさがあると述べ、始まりを問う。", "en": "Considers form, substance and reliability within a difficult-to-grasp Way." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "顧客課題が曖昧な段階では、推測を確定事項にせず、実際の行動や困った事例を集める。", "en": "When needs remain vague, collect actual behavior and difficult cases without treating guesses as facts." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「曖昧な中の手がかり」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using clues within uncertainty, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-22-preserving-through-flexibility", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 22, "concept": { "ja": "第22章：曲がることで保つ", "en": "Preserving through flexibility" }, "title": { "ja": "第22章：曲がることで保つ", "en": "Preserving through flexibility" }, "summary": { "ja": "曲則全などの逆説を用い、自らを誇らず争わない態度を述べる。", "en": "Uses paradoxes of bending and preservation to describe conduct without boasting or contention." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第22章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Preserving through flexibility" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "曲則全，", "meaning": { "ja": "曲則全などの逆説を用い、自らを誇らず争わない態度を述べる。", "en": "Uses paradoxes of bending and preservation to describe conduct without boasting or contention." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "交渉では守る目的と変更できる条件を分け、手段の変更で目的を保てるか比べる。", "en": "Separate the objective to protect from negotiable terms and compare ways to preserve it through flexible means." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「曲がることで保つ」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using preserving through flexibility, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-23-intensity-does-not-last", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 23, "concept": { "ja": "第23章：強い状態は続かない", "en": "Intensity does not last" }, "title": { "ja": "第23章：強い状態は続かない", "en": "Intensity does not last" }, "summary": { "ja": "強い風雨が長く続かないことを述べ、道・徳・失に応じるあり方を論じる。", "en": "Notes that intense wind and rain do not last and considers alignment with the Way, virtue and loss." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第23章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Intensity does not last" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "希言自然。", "meaning": { "ja": "強い風雨が長く続かないことを述べ、道・徳・失に応じるあり方を論じる。", "en": "Notes that intense wind and rain do not last and considers alignment with the Way, virtue and loss." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "一時的な繁忙を通常の能力と見なさず、平常時と繁忙時の作業量を分けて計画する。", "en": "Plan ordinary and peak workloads separately rather than treating temporary intensity as normal capacity." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「強い状態は続かない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using intensity does not last, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-24-instability-from-overreaching", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 24, "concept": { "ja": "第24章：背伸びの不安定さ", "en": "Instability from overreaching" }, "title": { "ja": "第24章：背伸びの不安定さ", "en": "Instability from overreaching" }, "summary": { "ja": "つま先立ちや大股の比喩で、自分を見せ誇る行動の不安定さを述べる。", "en": "Uses standing on tiptoe and striding as images of unstable self-display and overreaching." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第24章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Instability from overreaching" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "企者不立，", "meaning": { "ja": "つま先立ちや大股の比喩で、自分を見せ誇る行動の不安定さを述べる。", "en": "Uses standing on tiptoe and striding as images of unstable self-display and overreaching." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "提案を大きく見せるために約束を増やさず、実際に提供できる範囲と条件を示す。", "en": "State the scope and conditions you can deliver instead of adding promises to make a proposal look larger." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「背伸びの不安定さ」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using instability from overreaching, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-25-following-what-is-natural", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 25, "concept": { "ja": "第25章：自然に従う", "en": "Following what is natural" }, "title": { "ja": "第25章：自然に従う", "en": "Following what is natural" }, "summary": { "ja": "天地に先立つものを道と呼び、人・地・天・道と自然の関係を述べる。", "en": "Names a source preceding heaven and earth as the Way and relates people, earth, heaven and naturalness." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第25章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Following what is natural" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "有物混成，先天地生。", "meaning": { "ja": "天地に先立つものを道と呼び、人・地・天・道と自然の関係を述べる。", "en": "Names a source preceding heaven and earth as the Way and relates people, earth, heaven and naturalness." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "提供側の手順へ顧客を無理に合わせる前に、顧客が普段行う仕事の順序を観察する。", "en": "Observe the customer’s normal workflow before forcing it to match the provider’s process." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「自然に従う」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using following what is natural, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-26-grounded-judgment", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 26, "concept": { "ja": "第26章：落ち着いた判断", "en": "Grounded judgment" }, "title": { "ja": "第26章：落ち着いた判断", "en": "Grounded judgment" }, "summary": { "ja": "重は軽の根、静は躁の君と述べ、責任ある立場の軽率さを戒める。", "en": "Presents weight as the root of lightness and stillness as the master of agitation, warning leaders against haste." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第26章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Grounded judgment" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "重為輕根，靜為躁君。", "meaning": { "ja": "重は軽の根、静は躁の君と述べ、責任ある立場の軽率さを戒める。", "en": "Presents weight as the root of lightness and stillness as the master of agitation, warning leaders against haste." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "責任者がその場の気分で優先順位を変えないよう、変更理由と影響を記録して決める。", "en": "Record the reason and consequences of priority changes to reduce decisions driven by a manager’s mood." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「落ち着いた判断」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using grounded judgment, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-27-making-use-without-needless-rejection", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 27, "concept": { "ja": "第27章：捨てずに活かす", "en": "Making use without needless rejection" }, "title": { "ja": "第27章：捨てずに活かす", "en": "Making use without needless rejection" }, "summary": { "ja": "巧みな行為の姿と、人や物を見捨てず、互いから学ぶ関係を述べる。", "en": "Describes skillful conduct and relationships that learn from people and things rather than discarding them." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第27章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Making use without needless rejection" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "善行無轍迹，", "meaning": { "ja": "巧みな行為の姿と、人や物を見捨てず、互いから学ぶ関係を述べる。", "en": "Describes skillful conduct and relationships that learn from people and things rather than discarding them." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "使われない資料や担当者の経験を捨てる前に、別の用途へ活かせる条件を確かめる。", "en": "Before discarding unused material or experience, check whether it can serve a different task." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「捨てずに活かす」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using making use without needless rejection, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-28-strength-and-receptiveness", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 28, "concept": { "ja": "第28章：強さと受け入れる態度", "en": "Strength and receptiveness" }, "title": { "ja": "第28章：強さと受け入れる態度", "en": "Strength and receptiveness" }, "summary": { "ja": "雄を知り雌を守るなどの対を述べ、素朴さと分割される前のあり方を重視する。", "en": "Pairs knowledge of strength with receptiveness and values plainness before fragmentation." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第28章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Strength and receptiveness" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "知其雄，守其雌，為天下谿。為天下谿，常德不離，復歸於嬰兒。", "meaning": { "ja": "雄を知り雌を守るなどの対を述べ、素朴さと分割される前のあり方を重視する。", "en": "Pairs knowledge of strength with receptiveness and values plainness before fragmentation." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "専門性を持ちながら他部署の困りごとも聞き、境界で漏れる仕事を整理する。", "en": "Maintain expertise while hearing other departments’ difficulties and identifying work lost at boundaries." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「強さと受け入れる態度」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using strength and receptiveness, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-29-avoiding-forced-control", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 29, "concept": { "ja": "第29章：無理な支配を避ける", "en": "Avoiding forced control" }, "title": { "ja": "第29章：無理な支配を避ける", "en": "Avoiding forced control" }, "summary": { "ja": "天下を思いどおりに操作する難しさを述べ、極端さや過剰を去る姿を示す。", "en": "Questions attempts to manipulate the world and advocates removing extremes and excess." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第29章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Avoiding forced control" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "將欲取天下而為之，吾見其不得已。天下神器，", "meaning": { "ja": "天下を思いどおりに操作する難しさを述べ、極端さや過剰を去る姿を示す。", "en": "Questions attempts to manipulate the world and advocates removing extremes and excess." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "変更を一斉に強いる前に、現場で異なる条件を調べ、小さく試せる範囲を選ぶ。", "en": "Before imposing a change everywhere, examine differing conditions and choose a limited trial." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「無理な支配を避ける」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using avoiding forced control, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-30-consequences-of-force", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 30, "concept": { "ja": "第30章：力の後に残るもの", "en": "Consequences of force" }, "title": { "ja": "第30章：力の後に残るもの", "en": "Consequences of force" }, "summary": { "ja": "兵による強制に伴う損失と反作用を述べ、成果を得ても強さを誇らない。", "en": "Examines losses and reactions to force and warns against boasting after achieving a result." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第30章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Consequences of force" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "以道佐人主者，不以兵強天下。", "meaning": { "ja": "兵による強制に伴う損失と反作用を述べ、成果を得ても強さを誇らない。", "en": "Examines losses and reactions to force and warns against boasting after achieving a result." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "強い要求で納期を守らせるときも、品質、離職、次の案件への負担を合わせて確認する。", "en": "When imposing a deadline, assess quality, retention and burdens on subsequent work alongside delivery." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「力の後に残るもの」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using consequences of force, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-31-not-glorifying-victory", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 31, "concept": { "ja": "第31章：勝利を美化しない", "en": "Not glorifying victory" }, "title": { "ja": "第31章：勝利を美化しない", "en": "Not glorifying victory" }, "summary": { "ja": "兵を不祥の器とし、戦いをやむをえないものとして、勝利も喪礼の態度で扱う。", "en": "Treats weapons as ill-omened and war as a last resort, approaching victory with mourning rather than celebration." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第31章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Not glorifying victory" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "夫佳兵者，不祥之器，物或惡之，故有道者不處。君子居則貴左，用兵則貴右。兵者不祥之器，非君子之器，不得已而用之，恬淡為上。勝而不美，而美之者，是樂殺人。夫樂殺人者，則不可以得志於天下…", "meaning": { "ja": "兵を不祥の器とし、戦いをやむをえないものとして、勝利も喪礼の態度で扱う。", "en": "Treats weapons as ill-omened and war as a last resort, approaching victory with mourning rather than celebration." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "交渉で条件を通した後も、相手に残る負担と関係の維持を確認し、勝ち負けだけで評価しない。", "en": "After securing terms, examine the other party’s remaining burden and the relationship rather than judging only winners and losers." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「勝利を美化しない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using not glorifying victory, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-32-limits-and-boundaries", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 32, "concept": { "ja": "第32章：知止と境界", "en": "Limits and boundaries" }, "title": { "ja": "第32章：知止と境界", "en": "Limits and boundaries" }, "summary": { "ja": "無名の道と名の生まれることを述べ、止まるところを知る重要さを示す。", "en": "Contrasts the unnamed Way with the emergence of names and emphasizes knowing where to stop." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第32章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Limits and boundaries" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "道常無名，樸雖小，天下莫能臣也。侯王若能守之，萬物將自賓。", "meaning": { "ja": "無名の道と名の生まれることを述べ、止まるところを知る重要さを示す。", "en": "Contrasts the unnamed Way with the emergence of names and emphasizes knowing where to stop." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "施策に名前や組織を付ける前に目的を決め、追加機能や業務を引き受ける境界を設ける。", "en": "Define purpose before naming an initiative and set boundaries for accepting more features or duties." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「知止と境界」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using limits and boundaries, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-33-knowing-oneself", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 33, "concept": { "ja": "第33章：自分を知る", "en": "Knowing oneself" }, "title": { "ja": "第33章：自分を知る", "en": "Knowing oneself" }, "summary": { "ja": "他者を知ることと自分を知ること、他者に勝つことと自分に勝つことを対比する。", "en": "Contrasts knowing others with knowing oneself and overcoming others with mastering oneself." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第33章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Knowing oneself" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "知人者智，自知者明。", "meaning": { "ja": "他者を知ることと自分を知ること、他者に勝つことと自分に勝つことを対比する。", "en": "Contrasts knowing others with knowing oneself and overcoming others with mastering oneself." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "競合との比較だけでなく、自社が繰り返す判断の癖と、制約になる能力を記録する。", "en": "Record recurring decision habits and capability constraints in your own team alongside competitor comparisons." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「自分を知る」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using knowing oneself, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-34-support-without-claiming-mastery", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 34, "concept": { "ja": "第34章：支えて主にならない", "en": "Support without claiming mastery" }, "title": { "ja": "第34章：支えて主にならない", "en": "Support without claiming mastery" }, "summary": { "ja": "道が万物を生かしても所有や支配を求めないことを述べる。", "en": "Describes the Way sustaining things without claiming ownership or mastery." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第34章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Support without claiming mastery" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "大道氾兮，其可左右。", "meaning": { "ja": "道が万物を生かしても所有や支配を求めないことを述べる。", "en": "Describes the Way sustaining things without claiming ownership or mastery." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "共通基盤を作る部署は、利用部署の仕事が進むかを指標にし、承認を独占する形を見直す。", "en": "For a shared platform, measure whether users’ work advances and reconsider unnecessary concentration of approvals." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「支えて主にならない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using support without claiming mastery, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-35-attraction-and-lasting-usefulness", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 35, "concept": { "ja": "第35章：派手さと持続する用途", "en": "Attraction and lasting usefulness" }, "title": { "ja": "第35章：派手さと持続する用途", "en": "Attraction and lasting usefulness" }, "summary": { "ja": "大象を執ることと、目や耳に強く訴えなくても尽きない道の働きを述べる。", "en": "Contrasts immediate attractions with the enduring use of the Way." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第35章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Attraction and lasting usefulness" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "執大象，天下往。", "meaning": { "ja": "大象を執ることと、目や耳に強く訴えなくても尽きない道の働きを述べる。", "en": "Contrasts immediate attractions with the enduring use of the Way." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "広告の反応だけでなく、利用後に顧客の仕事が続けやすくなるかを調べる。", "en": "Investigate whether the customer’s work becomes easier after use rather than relying only on advertising response." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「派手さと持続する用途」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using attraction and lasting usefulness, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-36-reversals-in-change", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 36, "concept": { "ja": "第36章：変化の反転", "en": "Reversals in change" }, "title": { "ja": "第36章：変化の反転", "en": "Reversals in change" }, "summary": { "ja": "広がることと縮むことなどの反転を述べ、柔弱が剛強に勝つことを示す。", "en": "Discusses reversals between expansion and contraction and the ability of softness to overcome hardness." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第36章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Reversals in change" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "將欲歙之，必固張之；將欲弱之，必固強之；將欲廢之，必固興之；將欲奪之，必固與之。是謂微明。", "meaning": { "ja": "広がることと縮むことなどの反転を述べ、柔弱が剛強に勝つことを示す。", "en": "Discusses reversals between expansion and contraction and the ability of softness to overcome hardness." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "急成長で増やした固定的な仕事を見直し、需要が減ったときに縮小できる条件を作る。", "en": "Review duties fixed during rapid growth and define how they can contract when demand falls." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「変化の反転」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using reversals in change, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-37-non-forcing-and-excessive-desire", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 37, "concept": { "ja": "第37章：無為と過剰な欲望", "en": "Non-forcing and excessive desire" }, "title": { "ja": "第37章：無為と過剰な欲望", "en": "Non-forcing and excessive desire" }, "summary": { "ja": "道は無為であり、統治者がそれを守れば万物が自ら変わると述べる。", "en": "Presents the Way as non-forcing and describes change arising without excessive intervention." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第37章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Non-forcing and excessive desire" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "道常無為", "meaning": { "ja": "道は無為であり、統治者がそれを守れば万物が自ら変わると述べる。", "en": "Presents the Way as non-forcing and describes change arising without excessive intervention." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "毎回上司の承認を求める仕事は、目的と判断条件を示し、現場で決められる範囲を試す。", "en": "For work requiring constant approval, specify purpose and criteria and test a bounded area of local decision-making." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「無為と過剰な欲望」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using non-forcing and excessive desire, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-38-virtue-becoming-formal", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 38, "concept": { "ja": "第38章：徳の形式化", "en": "Virtue becoming formal" }, "title": { "ja": "第38章：徳の形式化", "en": "Virtue becoming formal" }, "summary": { "ja": "上徳と下徳、仁・義・礼の違いを述べ、形式や強制への依存を問い直す。", "en": "Distinguishes forms of virtue, kindness, right action and ritual, questioning reliance on form and compulsion." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第38章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Virtue becoming formal" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "上德不德，是以有德；下德不失德，是以無德。上德無為而無以為，下德為之而有以為。上仁為之而無以為，上義為之而有以為。上禮為之而莫之應，則攘臂而扔之。故失道而後德，失德而後仁，失仁而後…", "meaning": { "ja": "上徳と下徳、仁・義・礼の違いを述べ、形式や強制への依存を問い直す。", "en": "Distinguishes forms of virtue, kindness, right action and ritual, questioning reliance on form and compulsion." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "理念を唱える回数より、顧客への対応や社内の判断が理念と合っているかを確認する。", "en": "Check alignment of customer treatment and internal decisions with stated values rather than counting declarations." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「徳の形式化」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using virtue becoming formal, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-39-what-sustains-coherence", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 39, "concept": { "ja": "第39章：まとまりを支えるもの", "en": "What sustains coherence" }, "title": { "ja": "第39章：まとまりを支えるもの", "en": "What sustains coherence" }, "summary": { "ja": "一を得るものの働きと、貴は賤を本とする関係を述べる。", "en": "Examines coherence through unity and the dependence of elevated positions on humble foundations." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第39章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · What sustains coherence" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "昔之得一者，", "meaning": { "ja": "一を得るものの働きと、貴は賤を本とする関係を述べる。", "en": "Examines coherence through unity and the dependence of elevated positions on humble foundations." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "管理側の成果を支える現場作業を明らかにし、抜けると止まる役割へ資源を配分する。", "en": "Identify frontline work sustaining management results and support roles whose absence would stop delivery." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「まとまりを支えるもの」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using what sustains coherence, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-40-return-and-yielding", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 40, "concept": { "ja": "第40章：反と弱", "en": "Return and yielding" }, "title": { "ja": "第40章：反と弱", "en": "Return and yielding" }, "summary": { "ja": "反は道の動、弱は道の用と述べ、有と無の関係を示す短い章。", "en": "A brief chapter relating the Way’s movement to return, its operation to yielding and presence to absence." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第40章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Return and yielding" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "反者道之動，", "meaning": { "ja": "反は道の動、弱は道の用と述べ、有と無の関係を示す短い章。", "en": "A brief chapter relating the Way’s movement to return, its operation to yielding and presence to absence." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "拡大する案だけでなく、縮小や元に戻す案も候補にし、同じ目的を満たせるか比べる。", "en": "Compare reducing or reverting a change with expanding it against the same objective." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「反と弱」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using return and yielding, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-41-appearance-and-understanding", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 41, "concept": { "ja": "第41章：見かけと理解", "en": "Appearance and understanding" }, "title": { "ja": "第41章：見かけと理解", "en": "Appearance and understanding" }, "summary": { "ja": "道を聞く者の違いと、明るい道が暗く見えるなどの逆説を述べる。", "en": "Compares responses to the Way and uses paradoxes between appearance and understanding." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第41章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Appearance and understanding" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "上士聞道，勤而行之；", "meaning": { "ja": "道を聞く者の違いと、明るい道が暗く見えるなどの逆説を述べる。", "en": "Compares responses to the Way and uses paradoxes between appearance and understanding." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "分かりやすく見える提案だけを選ばず、前提や長期の影響を確認して候補を比べる。", "en": "Compare assumptions and longer-term consequences instead of selecting only the proposal that looks easiest to understand." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「見かけと理解」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using appearance and understanding, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-42-functions-arising-from-relationships", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 42, "concept": { "ja": "第42章：関係から生まれる働き", "en": "Functions arising from relationships" }, "title": { "ja": "第42章：関係から生まれる働き", "en": "Functions arising from relationships" }, "summary": { "ja": "道から万物が生じる過程、陰陽の和、損と益の関係を述べる。", "en": "Discusses the emergence of things, harmony of complementary forces and interactions between loss and gain." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第42章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Functions arising from relationships" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "道生一，一生二，二生三，三生萬物。萬物負陰而抱陽，沖氣以為和。人之所惡，唯孤﹑寡﹑不穀，而王公以為稱。故物或損之而益，或益之而損。", "meaning": { "ja": "道から万物が生じる過程、陰陽の和、損と益の関係を述べる。", "en": "Discusses the emergence of things, harmony of complementary forces and interactions between loss and gain." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "単独の機能だけでなく、他の作業やサービスと組み合わさって価値が出る条件を整理する。", "en": "Identify conditions where value arises from combinations with other work or services rather than a feature alone." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「関係から生まれる働き」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using functions arising from relationships, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-43-a-yielding-approach", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 43, "concept": { "ja": "第43章：柔らかい働きかけ", "en": "A yielding approach" }, "title": { "ja": "第43章：柔らかい働きかけ", "en": "A yielding approach" }, "summary": { "ja": "至柔が至堅を動かすことから、無為の益と言葉だけによらない教えを述べる。", "en": "Uses softness acting on hardness to discuss non-forcing benefit and teaching beyond declarations." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第43章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · A yielding approach" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天下之至柔，馳騁天下之至堅。", "meaning": { "ja": "至柔が至堅を動かすことから、無為の益と言葉だけによらない教えを述べる。", "en": "Uses softness acting on hardness to discuss non-forcing benefit and teaching beyond declarations." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "抵抗のある変更は命令を重ねる前に、現場の不便を減らす試作を見せ、使えるか聞く。", "en": "For a resisted change, show a prototype reducing practical difficulty and ask whether it works before adding commands." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「柔らかい働きかけ」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using a yielding approach, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-44-enough-and-where-to-stop", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 44, "concept": { "ja": "第44章：知足と知止", "en": "Enough and where to stop" }, "title": { "ja": "第44章：知足と知止", "en": "Enough and where to stop" }, "summary": { "ja": "名、身、財、得失を比較し、足ることと止まるところを知る大切さを述べる。", "en": "Compares reputation, person, possessions and gains or losses, emphasizing enough and knowing where to stop." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第44章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Enough and where to stop" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "名與身孰親？", "meaning": { "ja": "名、身、財、得失を比較し、足ることと止まるところを知る大切さを述べる。", "en": "Compares reputation, person, possessions and gains or losses, emphasizing enough and knowing where to stop." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "売上目標を追う際も、品質や人員の負担を含め、引き受ける仕事の上限を決める。", "en": "Set acceptance limits that account for quality and workload while pursuing revenue targets." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「知足と知止」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using enough and where to stop, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-45-completion-with-room-remaining", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 45, "concept": { "ja": "第45章：完成しても余地がある", "en": "Completion with room remaining" }, "title": { "ja": "第45章：完成しても余地がある", "en": "Completion with room remaining" }, "summary": { "ja": "大成若欠などの逆説を用い、見かけの不足と働き、清静の関係を述べる。", "en": "Uses paradoxes of completion appearing incomplete to examine function and quietness." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第45章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Completion with room remaining" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "大成若缺，其用不弊。", "meaning": { "ja": "大成若欠などの逆説を用い、見かけの不足と働き、清静の関係を述べる。", "en": "Uses paradoxes of completion appearing incomplete to examine function and quietness." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "完成品に見せることを優先せず、使える範囲と不足を明示して顧客に試してもらう。", "en": "State usable scope and remaining gaps and invite customer trials rather than prioritizing an appearance of completeness." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「完成しても余地がある」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using completion with room remaining, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-46-burden-created-by-desire", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 46, "concept": { "ja": "第46章：欲望が作る負担", "en": "Burden created by desire" }, "title": { "ja": "第46章：欲望が作る負担", "en": "Burden created by desire" }, "summary": { "ja": "道があるときとないときの社会を対比し、足ることを知らない欲望の害を述べる。", "en": "Contrasts social conditions with and without the Way and examines harm from insatiable desire." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第46章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Burden created by desire" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天下有道，卻走馬以糞。", "meaning": { "ja": "道があるときとないときの社会を対比し、足ることを知らない欲望の害を述べる。", "en": "Contrasts social conditions with and without the Way and examines harm from insatiable desire." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "施策を追加し続ける前に、既存施策の目的と結果を確認し、終了するものも選ぶ。", "en": "Before continuously adding initiatives, review existing purposes and results and choose some to end." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「欲望が作る負担」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using burden created by desire, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-47-principles-and-observation", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 47, "concept": { "ja": "第47章：原理と観察", "en": "Principles and observation" }, "title": { "ja": "第47章：原理と観察", "en": "Principles and observation" }, "summary": { "ja": "遠くへ出るだけで知が増すわけではないとし、根本を理解する姿を述べる。", "en": "Questions whether traveling farther necessarily increases knowledge and emphasizes understanding foundations." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第47章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Principles and observation" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "不出戶，知天下；不闚牖，見天道。", "meaning": { "ja": "遠くへ出るだけで知が増すわけではないとし、根本を理解する姿を述べる。", "en": "Questions whether traveling farther necessarily increases knowledge and emphasizes understanding foundations." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "事例収集だけで終わらず、自社で結果を変える条件を仮説にし、現場の事実で確かめる。", "en": "Turn case collection into a hypothesis about conditions affecting your results and check it against actual work." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「原理と観察」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using principles and observation, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-48-reducing-unnecessary-intervention", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 48, "concept": { "ja": "第48章：為道日損", "en": "Reducing unnecessary intervention" }, "title": { "ja": "第48章：為道日損", "en": "Reducing unnecessary intervention" }, "summary": { "ja": "学びで増えることと道で減らすことを対比し、無為へ至る減少を述べる。", "en": "Contrasts accumulation in study with reduction in following the Way and approaching non-forcing." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第48章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Reducing unnecessary intervention" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "為學日益，", "meaning": { "ja": "学びで増えることと道で減らすことを対比し、無為へ至る減少を述べる。", "en": "Contrasts accumulation in study with reduction in following the Way and approaching non-forcing." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "承認や報告を増やす前に、重複する手順を一つ減らし、品質と判断に影響がないか試す。", "en": "Before adding approvals or reports, remove one redundant step and test effects on quality and decisions." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「為道日損」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using reducing unnecessary intervention, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-49-considering-others-perspectives", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 49, "concept": { "ja": "第49章：相手の心を考える", "en": "Considering others’ perspectives" }, "title": { "ja": "第49章：相手の心を考える", "en": "Considering others’ perspectives" }, "summary": { "ja": "聖人は固定した心を持たず、百姓の心を心とするという統治の姿を述べる。", "en": "Describes leadership taking people’s perspectives rather than holding a fixed private position." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第49章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Considering others’ perspectives" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "聖人無常心，以百姓心為心。", "meaning": { "ja": "聖人は固定した心を持たず、百姓の心を心とするという統治の姿を述べる。", "en": "Describes leadership taking people’s perspectives rather than holding a fixed private position." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "顧客対応の方針は社内の想定だけで決めず、実際の相談と利用条件を集めて見直す。", "en": "Revise service policy using actual requests and usage conditions rather than internal assumptions alone." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「相手の心を考える」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using considering others’ perspectives, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-50-avoiding-unnecessarily-perilous-action", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 50, "concept": { "ja": "第50章：危うい行動を選ばない", "en": "Avoiding unnecessarily perilous action" }, "title": { "ja": "第50章：危うい行動を選ばない", "en": "Avoiding unnecessarily perilous action" }, "summary": { "ja": "生死と養生について論じ、生を厚く求める行動が危地へ向かう逆説を述べる。", "en": "Discusses life, death and preservation, including the paradox of seeking life through perilous conduct." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第50章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Avoiding unnecessarily perilous action" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "出生入死。", "meaning": { "ja": "生死と養生について論じ、生を厚く求める行動が危地へ向かう逆説を述べる。", "en": "Discusses life, death and preservation, including the paradox of seeking life through perilous conduct." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "成果を守ろうとして無理な追加作業をしていないか、停止や負荷を下げる案も比較する。", "en": "Check whether attempts to protect results create excessive extra work; compare pausing or reducing load." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「危うい行動を選ばない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using avoiding unnecessarily perilous action, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-51-supporting-development", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 51, "concept": { "ja": "第51章：成長を支える", "en": "Supporting development" }, "title": { "ja": "第51章：成長を支える", "en": "Supporting development" }, "summary": { "ja": "道が生み、徳が養う関係を述べ、生み育てても所有や支配を求めない。", "en": "Describes generation and nourishment without possession or domination." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第51章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Supporting development" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "道生之，德畜之，物形之，勢成之。", "meaning": { "ja": "道が生み、徳が養う関係を述べ、生み育てても所有や支配を求めない。", "en": "Describes generation and nourishment without possession or domination." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "新しい担当者の成長には、任せる課題、必要な支援、振り返る機会を組み合わせる。", "en": "Support a new owner with a practical assignment, needed assistance and opportunities to review it." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「成長を支える」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using supporting development, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-52-keeping-the-root", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 52, "concept": { "ja": "第52章：根本を守る", "en": "Keeping the root" }, "title": { "ja": "第52章：根本を守る", "en": "Keeping the root" }, "summary": { "ja": "天下の始めを母として捉え、末端を知っても根本を守ることを述べる。", "en": "Uses the mother as an image of beginnings and retaining the root while understanding consequences." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第52章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Keeping the root" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天下有始，以為天下母。", "meaning": { "ja": "天下の始めを母として捉え、末端を知っても根本を守ることを述べる。", "en": "Uses the mother as an image of beginnings and retaining the root while understanding consequences." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "施策の詳細を増やしても、誰の何の課題を解く事業かを判断資料の冒頭に保つ。", "en": "Keep whose problem the business solves at the start of decision materials even as initiatives become detailed." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「根本を守る」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using keeping the root, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-53-the-broad-way-and-side-paths", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 53, "concept": { "ja": "第53章：大道と脇道", "en": "The broad way and side paths" }, "title": { "ja": "第53章：大道と脇道", "en": "The broad way and side paths" }, "summary": { "ja": "大道が平坦でも人が脇道を好み、支配者の華美と民の困窮が並ぶ状態を批判する。", "en": "Contrasts a plain broad way with attraction to side paths and criticizes luxury amid deprivation." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第53章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · The broad way and side paths" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "使我介然有知，行於大道，唯施是畏。", "meaning": { "ja": "大道が平坦でも人が脇道を好み、支配者の華美と民の困窮が並ぶ状態を批判する。", "en": "Contrasts a plain broad way with attraction to side paths and criticizes luxury amid deprivation." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "経営側の見栄のための支出と、顧客や現場の必要を満たす支出を分けて検討する。", "en": "Distinguish spending for managerial display from spending addressing customer or team needs." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「大道と脇道」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using the broad way and side paths, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-54-extending-practice-from-oneself", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 54, "concept": { "ja": "第54章：身から広げる", "en": "Extending practice from oneself" }, "title": { "ja": "第54章：身から広げる", "en": "Extending practice from oneself" }, "summary": { "ja": "身、家、郷、国、天下へ徳を修める範囲を広げ、相応する範囲で観察する。", "en": "Extends cultivation from oneself through wider communities and considers observation at matching scales." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第54章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Extending practice from oneself" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "善建者不拔，", "meaning": { "ja": "身、家、郷、国、天下へ徳を修める範囲を広げ、相応する範囲で観察する。", "en": "Extends cultivation from oneself through wider communities and considers observation at matching scales." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "組織全体へ広げる改善は、責任者自身と一つの現場で実行し、条件を記録して展開する。", "en": "Practice an improvement personally and in one team, document its conditions and then extend it." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「身から広げる」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using extending practice from oneself, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-55-not-forcing-strength", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 55, "concept": { "ja": "第55章：無理に強くしない", "en": "Not forcing strength" }, "title": { "ja": "第55章：無理に強くしない", "en": "Not forcing strength" }, "summary": { "ja": "徳の厚い姿を赤子にたとえ、調和と、強引に生命を増やそうとする害を述べる。", "en": "Compares abundant virtue to an infant, discussing harmony and harm from forcing vitality." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第55章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Not forcing strength" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "含德之厚，比於赤子。蜂蠆虺蛇不螫，猛獸不據，攫鳥不搏。", "meaning": { "ja": "徳の厚い姿を赤子にたとえ、調和と、強引に生命を増やそうとする害を述べる。", "en": "Compares abundant virtue to an infant, discussing harmony and harm from forcing vitality." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "立ち上がったばかりの組織に急拡大を求めず、習熟と支援に必要な条件を確認する。", "en": "Before demanding rapid expansion from a new team, check the conditions needed for proficiency and support." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「無理に強くしない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using not forcing strength, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-56-understanding-beyond-declarations", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 56, "concept": { "ja": "第56章：言葉以外の理解", "en": "Understanding beyond declarations" }, "title": { "ja": "第56章：言葉以外の理解", "en": "Understanding beyond declarations" }, "summary": { "ja": "知る者と言葉の関係を問い、鋭さや争いを和らげる玄同の姿を述べる。", "en": "Questions the relationship of knowledge to declarations and describes softening sharpness and divisions." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第56章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Understanding beyond declarations" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "知者不言，", "meaning": { "ja": "知る者と言葉の関係を問い、鋭さや争いを和らげる玄同の姿を述べる。", "en": "Questions the relationship of knowledge to declarations and describes softening sharpness and divisions." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "方針の説明だけで伝わったと判断せず、実際の仕事で何を選んだかを確認する。", "en": "Check the choices people make in real work rather than assuming a policy was understood from its explanation." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「言葉以外の理解」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using understanding beyond declarations, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-57-questioning-growing-intervention", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 57, "concept": { "ja": "第57章：介入の増加を問う", "en": "Questioning growing intervention" }, "title": { "ja": "第57章：介入の増加を問う", "en": "Questioning growing intervention" }, "summary": { "ja": "禁令、技巧、法令が増えることの副作用と、無為の統治を論じる。", "en": "Examines side effects of proliferating restrictions and rules and discusses non-forcing governance." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第57章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Questioning growing intervention" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "以正治國，以奇用兵，以無事取天下。", "meaning": { "ja": "禁令、技巧、法令が増えることの副作用と、無為の統治を論じる。", "en": "Examines side effects of proliferating restrictions and rules and discusses non-forcing governance." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "問題のたびに規則を増やす前に、既存の規則の重複と実行できない条件を整理する。", "en": "Before adding a rule for each problem, examine overlap and conditions preventing compliance with existing rules." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「介入の増加を問う」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using questioning growing intervention, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-58-changing-fortune-and-harm", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 58, "concept": { "ja": "第58章：禍福の変化", "en": "Changing fortune and harm" }, "title": { "ja": "第58章：禍福の変化", "en": "Changing fortune and harm" }, "summary": { "ja": "統治のあり方と人々の反応を論じ、禍と福が互いに転じることを述べる。", "en": "Discusses governance and people’s responses and how favorable and harmful conditions may reverse." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第58章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Changing fortune and harm" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "其政悶悶，其民淳淳；", "meaning": { "ja": "統治のあり方と人々の反応を論じ、禍と福が互いに転じることを述べる。", "en": "Discusses governance and people’s responses and how favorable and harmful conditions may reverse." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "好調な数字の裏にある依存や負担、不調の中で得られた知見も同じ資料に記す。", "en": "Record dependencies beneath favorable figures and useful learning within poor results in the same review." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「禍福の変化」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using changing fortune and harm, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-59-reserves-and-restraint", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 59, "concept": { "ja": "第59章：蓄えと節度", "en": "Reserves and restraint" }, "title": { "ja": "第59章：蓄えと節度", "en": "Reserves and restraint" }, "summary": { "ja": "人を治め天に事えることに嗇を重視し、積み重ねが長久を支えると述べる。", "en": "Values restraint and accumulated cultivation as supports for endurance." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第59章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Reserves and restraint" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "治人事天，莫若嗇。", "meaning": { "ja": "人を治め天に事えることに嗇を重視し、積み重ねが長久を支えると述べる。", "en": "Values restraint and accumulated cultivation as supports for endurance." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "急な案件に応じる余裕を保つため、平常時の作業量と育成に使う時間を決める。", "en": "Set ordinary workload and development time to preserve capacity for unexpected work." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「蓄えと節度」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using reserves and restraint, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-60-avoiding-needless-disturbance", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 60, "concept": { "ja": "第60章：過度に触らない", "en": "Avoiding needless disturbance" }, "title": { "ja": "第60章：過度に触らない", "en": "Avoiding needless disturbance" }, "summary": { "ja": "大国の統治を小魚を煮ることにたとえ、互いに害を与えない状態を述べる。", "en": "Compares governing a large state to cooking a small fish and considers avoiding mutual harm." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第60章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Avoiding needless disturbance" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "治大國，若烹小鮮。", "meaning": { "ja": "大国の統治を小魚を煮ることにたとえ、互いに害を与えない状態を述べる。", "en": "Compares governing a large state to cooking a small fish and considers avoiding mutual harm." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "安定している業務へ頻繁に変更を入れる前に、変更の理由と混乱の費用を確認する。", "en": "Before repeatedly changing stable work, justify the change and assess its disruption cost." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「過度に触らない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using avoiding needless disturbance, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-61-a-receptive-position-in-cooperation", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 61, "concept": { "ja": "第61章：低く構えて連携する", "en": "A receptive position in cooperation" }, "title": { "ja": "第61章：低く構えて連携する", "en": "A receptive position in cooperation" }, "summary": { "ja": "大国と小国の関係を、水が集まる低い場所と謙下の姿から述べる。", "en": "Uses a low gathering place for water and humility to discuss relations between large and small states." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第61章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · A receptive position in cooperation" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "大國者下流，", "meaning": { "ja": "大国と小国の関係を、水が集まる低い場所と謙下の姿から述べる。", "en": "Uses a low gathering place for water and humility to discuss relations between large and small states." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "大きい相手との提携でも自社の価値と相手の目的を明示し、双方が引き受ける仕事を整理する。", "en": "In a partnership with a larger party, state your value and their objective and clarify both sides’ responsibilities." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「低く構えて連携する」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using a receptive position in cooperation, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-62-not-discarding-people", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 62, "concept": { "ja": "第62章：人を捨てない", "en": "Not discarding people" }, "title": { "ja": "第62章：人を捨てない", "en": "Not discarding people" }, "summary": { "ja": "道を万物の奥とし、善い人の宝であり不善の人の保でもあると述べる。", "en": "Presents the Way as a refuge, valuable to good people and protective even for those considered otherwise." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第62章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Not discarding people" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "道者萬物之奧。", "meaning": { "ja": "道を万物の奥とし、善い人の宝であり不善の人の保でもあると述べる。", "en": "Presents the Way as a refuge, valuable to good people and protective even for those considered otherwise." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "一度の失敗で人を切り捨てず、原因、修正できる条件、任せられる役割を区別して考える。", "en": "After a failure, distinguish its cause, correctable conditions and suitable roles rather than rejecting the person outright." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人を捨てない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using not discarding people, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-63-addressing-difficulty-while-it-is-small", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 63, "concept": { "ja": "第63章：小さいうちに扱う", "en": "Addressing difficulty while it is small" }, "title": { "ja": "第63章：小さいうちに扱う", "en": "Addressing difficulty while it is small" }, "summary": { "ja": "難しいことを易しい段階で、大きいことを細かい段階で扱い、軽い約束を戒める。", "en": "Urges handling difficulty at an easier stage and large matters in small parts, warning against casual promises." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第63章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Addressing difficulty while it is small" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "為無為，事無事，味無味。", "meaning": { "ja": "難しいことを易しい段階で、大きいことを細かい段階で扱い、軽い約束を戒める。", "en": "Urges handling difficulty at an easier stage and large matters in small parts, warning against casual promises." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "難しい案件は、最も不確かな工程を小さく試し、その結果を見て全体の約束を決める。", "en": "Test the most uncertain part of a difficult project at small scale before committing to the whole." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「小さいうちに扱う」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using addressing difficulty while it is small, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-64-beginnings-and-completion", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 64, "concept": { "ja": "第64章：始まりと仕上げ", "en": "Beginnings and completion" }, "title": { "ja": "第64章：始まりと仕上げ", "en": "Beginnings and completion" }, "summary": { "ja": "小さな始まり、乱れる前の対処、千里の行と、終わりまで慎重にする姿を述べる。", "en": "Discusses small beginnings, intervention before disorder, the first step of a long journey and care through completion." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第64章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Beginnings and completion" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "其安易持，其未兆易謀。", "meaning": { "ja": "小さな始まり、乱れる前の対処、千里の行と、終わりまで慎重にする姿を述べる。", "en": "Discusses small beginnings, intervention before disorder, the first step of a long journey and care through completion." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "新施策は最初の小さな実施を決め、公開や納品の直前にも品質、担当、後の運用を点検する。", "en": "Choose a small first implementation and check quality, ownership and subsequent operation again before release or delivery." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「始まりと仕上げ」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using beginnings and completion, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-65-questioning-clever-governance", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 65, "concept": { "ja": "第65章：技巧への疑い", "en": "Questioning clever governance" }, "title": { "ja": "第65章：技巧への疑い", "en": "Questioning clever governance" }, "summary": { "ja": "古代の統治における智への警戒と愚民の考えを含み、素朴な統治を主張する。", "en": "Contains an ancient distrust of clever governance, including ideas of keeping people ignorant, and advocates plain governance." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第65章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Questioning clever governance" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "古之善為道者，非以明民，將以愚之。", "meaning": { "ja": "古代の統治における智への警戒と愚民の考えを含み、素朴な統治を主張する。", "en": "Contains an ancient distrust of clever governance, including ideas of keeping people ignorant, and advocates plain governance." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "この章を情報遮断の根拠にせず、過度に複雑な制度を透明で説明できる手順へ直す問いとして使う。", "en": "Do not use this chapter to justify withholding information; use it to question overly complex systems and make procedures transparent." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「技巧への疑い」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using questioning clever governance, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-66-leadership-through-a-receptive-position", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 66, "concept": { "ja": "第66章：後ろに立つ責任者", "en": "Leadership through a receptive position" }, "title": { "ja": "第66章：後ろに立つ責任者", "en": "Leadership through a receptive position" }, "summary": { "ja": "江海が低い位置にいることにたとえ、上に立つ者が謙下し負担を与えない姿を述べる。", "en": "Uses rivers and seas in a low position to describe leaders’ humility and avoiding burdens on people." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第66章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Leadership through a receptive position" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "江海所以能為百谷王者，以其善下之，故能為百谷王。是以欲上民，必以言下之。欲先民，必以身後之。是以聖人處上而民不重，處前而民不害。是以天下樂推而不厭，以其不爭，故天下莫能與之爭。", "meaning": { "ja": "江海が低い位置にいることにたとえ、上に立つ者が謙下し負担を与えない姿を述べる。", "en": "Uses rivers and seas in a low position to describe leaders’ humility and avoiding burdens on people." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "責任者が自分の仕事を増やすだけでなく、現場が待つ承認や相談を早く解消する。", "en": "A leader should reduce approvals and unresolved questions holding up the team rather than merely expanding personal duties." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「後ろに立つ責任者」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using leadership through a receptive position, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-67-three-treasures", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 67, "concept": { "ja": "第67章：三宝", "en": "Three treasures" }, "title": { "ja": "第67章：三宝", "en": "Three treasures" }, "summary": { "ja": "慈、倹、天下の先となることを敢えてしない姿を三宝として述べる。", "en": "Names care, restraint and not insisting on being first as three treasures." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第67章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Three treasures" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天下皆謂我道大，似不肖。夫唯大，故似不肖。若肖，久矣其細也夫！", "meaning": { "ja": "慈、倹、天下の先となることを敢えてしない姿を三宝として述べる。", "en": "Names care, restraint and not insisting on being first as three treasures." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "拡張案を選ぶ際は、顧客への配慮、維持できる費用、先行する必要があるかを確認する。", "en": "Evaluate expansion against customer care, sustainable operating cost and whether moving first is actually necessary." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「三宝」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using three treasures, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-68-enabling-people-s-contributions", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 68, "concept": { "ja": "第68章：人の力を使う", "en": "Enabling people’s contributions" }, "title": { "ja": "第68章：人の力を使う", "en": "Enabling people’s contributions" }, "summary": { "ja": "武や戦いで争わず、他者を使うときに低く構える徳を述べる。", "en": "Describes non-contentious strength and a humble position when drawing on others’ abilities." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第68章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Enabling people’s contributions" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "善為士者不武，", "meaning": { "ja": "武や戦いで争わず、他者を使うときに低く構える徳を述べる。", "en": "Describes non-contentious strength and a humble position when drawing on others’ abilities." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "人へ仕事を頼むときは、目的と裁量を説明し、本人の知見を手順へ反映する。", "en": "When requesting work, explain purpose and discretion and incorporate the person’s knowledge into the process." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人の力を使う」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using enabling people’s contributions, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-69-not-underestimating-the-other-side", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 69, "concept": { "ja": "第69章：軽く見ない", "en": "Not underestimating the other side" }, "title": { "ja": "第69章：軽く見ない", "en": "Not underestimating the other side" }, "summary": { "ja": "客となり退くことを用兵の姿として述べ、相手を軽く見ることを戒める。", "en": "Describes a receptive and restrained military stance and warns against underestimating the other side." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第69章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Not underestimating the other side" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "用兵有言﹕「吾不敢為主而為客，不敢進寸而退尺。」是謂行無行，", "meaning": { "ja": "客となり退くことを用兵の姿として述べ、相手を軽く見ることを戒める。", "en": "Describes a receptive and restrained military stance and warns against underestimating the other side." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "小さい競合や新人の意見を立場で軽視せず、顧客への価値と根拠を同じ基準で確認する。", "en": "Assess a small competitor or a junior colleague’s proposal by customer value and evidence using the same criteria." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「軽く見ない」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using not underestimating the other side, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-70-understanding-and-doing", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 70, "concept": { "ja": "第70章：分かることと行うこと", "en": "Understanding and doing" }, "title": { "ja": "第70章：分かることと行うこと", "en": "Understanding and doing" }, "summary": { "ja": "言葉は理解しやすく実行しやすいのに人が理解も実行もしないという状況を述べる。", "en": "Discusses words that appear easy to understand and act upon yet remain neither understood nor practiced." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第70章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Understanding and doing" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "吾言甚易知，甚易行。天下莫能知，莫能行。", "meaning": { "ja": "言葉は理解しやすく実行しやすいのに人が理解も実行もしないという状況を述べる。", "en": "Discusses words that appear easy to understand and act upon yet remain neither understood nor practiced." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "『理解した』という返答だけで確認を終えず、最初に行う作業を説明してもらい、障害を調べる。", "en": "After an acknowledgment, ask for the first practical action and investigate obstacles to doing it." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「分かることと行うこと」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using understanding and doing, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-71-acknowledging-what-is-unknown", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 71, "concept": { "ja": "第71章：知らないことを認める", "en": "Acknowledging what is unknown" }, "title": { "ja": "第71章：知らないことを認める", "en": "Acknowledging what is unknown" }, "summary": { "ja": "知っていても知らないとすることと、知らないのに知るとする問題を述べる。", "en": "Distinguishes acknowledging limits from treating what is unknown as known." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第71章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Acknowledging what is unknown" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "知不知上，不知知病。", "meaning": { "ja": "知っていても知らないとすることと、知らないのに知るとする問題を述べる。", "en": "Distinguishes acknowledging limits from treating what is unknown as known." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "提案資料では確認済みの事実、推測、未確認事項を分け、未確認の条件を調べる担当を決める。", "en": "Separate facts, inferences and unknowns in proposals and assign ownership for investigating an unknown condition." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「知らないことを認める」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using acknowledging what is unknown, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-72-intimidation-and-practical-burdens", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 72, "concept": { "ja": "第72章：威圧と生活の負担", "en": "Intimidation and practical burdens" }, "title": { "ja": "第72章：威圧と生活の負担", "en": "Intimidation and practical burdens" }, "summary": { "ja": "威への反応と、人々の居場所や生を圧迫しないことを述べる。", "en": "Considers responses to authority and warns against oppressing people’s place and livelihood." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第72章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Intimidation and practical burdens" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "民不畏威，則大威至。無狎其所居，無厭其所生。", "meaning": { "ja": "威への反応と、人々の居場所や生を圧迫しないことを述べる。", "en": "Considers responses to authority and warns against oppressing people’s place and livelihood." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "管理の要求が現場の仕事を圧迫していないか、報告と承認の時間を実測して減らす案を検討する。", "en": "Measure time spent reporting and seeking approval and consider reductions when management demands crowd out work." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「威圧と生活の負担」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using intimidation and practical burdens, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-73-courage-and-caution", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 73, "concept": { "ja": "第73章：勇気と慎重さ", "en": "Courage and caution" }, "title": { "ja": "第73章：勇気と慎重さ", "en": "Courage and caution" }, "summary": { "ja": "敢えてする勇と敢えてしない勇を対比し、天の働きと判断の難しさを述べる。", "en": "Contrasts daring action with restrained courage and discusses the difficulty of judgment." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第73章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Courage and caution" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "勇於敢則殺，", "meaning": { "ja": "敢えてする勇と敢えてしない勇を対比し、天の働きと判断の難しさを述べる。", "en": "Contrasts daring action with restrained courage and discusses the difficulty of judgment." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "着手する勇気だけでなく、条件が揃うまで待つ案も候補にし、待つ損失と着手の負担を比べる。", "en": "Compare waiting until conditions are ready with starting now, including the costs of both." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「勇気と慎重さ」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using courage and caution, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-74-limits-of-punishment", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 74, "concept": { "ja": "第74章：制裁の限界", "en": "Limits of punishment" }, "title": { "ja": "第74章：制裁の限界", "en": "Limits of punishment" }, "summary": { "ja": "死による威嚇の限界と、裁く役割をみだりに引き受ける危うさを述べる。", "en": "Examines limits of threats and the danger of taking over another role’s authority to judge." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第74章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Limits of punishment" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "民不畏死，奈何以死懼之？若使民常畏死，而為奇者，吾得執而殺之，孰敢？", "meaning": { "ja": "死による威嚇の限界と、裁く役割をみだりに引き受ける危うさを述べる。", "en": "Examines limits of threats and the danger of taking over another role’s authority to judge." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "業務の不履行へ罰を増やす前に、責任範囲と実行できる条件を確認し、権限のある手順で対応する。", "en": "Before increasing penalties for nonperformance, check responsibilities and workable conditions and use authorized procedures." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「制裁の限界」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using limits of punishment, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-75-burden-created-from-above", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 75, "concept": { "ja": "第75章：上から生じる負担", "en": "Burden created from above" }, "title": { "ja": "第75章：上から生じる負担", "en": "Burden created from above" }, "summary": { "ja": "民の飢えや統治の難しさを、上の過剰な取り立てや干渉と結びつける。", "en": "Connects people’s hardship and governing difficulty to excessive extraction and intervention from above." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第75章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Burden created from above" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "民之饑，以其上食稅之多，是以饑。民之難治，以其上之有為，是以難治。民之輕死，以其上求生之厚，是以輕死。夫唯無以生為者，是賢於貴生。", "meaning": { "ja": "民の飢えや統治の難しさを、上の過剰な取り立てや干渉と結びつける。", "en": "Connects people’s hardship and governing difficulty to excessive extraction and intervention from above." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "現場が追いつかない原因を怠慢と決めつけず、上から追加された仕事と期限を棚卸しする。", "en": "Inventory added management demands and deadlines before attributing a team’s difficulty to laziness." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「上から生じる負担」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using burden created from above, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-76-flexibility-and-life", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 76, "concept": { "ja": "第76章：柔らかさと生命", "en": "Flexibility and life" }, "title": { "ja": "第76章：柔らかさと生命", "en": "Flexibility and life" }, "summary": { "ja": "生きたものの柔らかさと死んだものの硬さを比べ、硬強への依存を戒める。", "en": "Contrasts the flexibility of living things with rigidity, warning against dependence on hardness." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第76章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Flexibility and life" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "人之生也柔弱，其死也堅強。萬物草木之生也柔脆，其死也枯槁。故堅強者死之徒，柔弱者生之徒。是以兵強則不勝，", "meaning": { "ja": "生きたものの柔らかさと死んだものの硬さを比べ、硬強への依存を戒める。", "en": "Contrasts the flexibility of living things with rigidity, warning against dependence on hardness." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "変更できない業務手順が増えたら、目的を守りながら条件に応じて変えられる部分を分ける。", "en": "Separate the purpose to preserve from procedures that may adapt to circumstances when processes become rigid." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「柔らかさと生命」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using flexibility and life, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-77-surplus-and-shortage", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 77, "concept": { "ja": "第77章：余剰と不足", "en": "Surplus and shortage" }, "title": { "ja": "第77章：余剰と不足", "en": "Surplus and shortage" }, "summary": { "ja": "天の道が余りを減らし不足を補う姿を述べ、人の道との違いを示す。", "en": "Describes reducing surplus and supplementing shortage, contrasting that pattern with human conduct." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第77章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Surplus and shortage" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天之道，其猶張弓與？高者抑之，下者舉之；有餘者損之，不足者補之。天之道，損有餘而補不足。人之道則不然，", "meaning": { "ja": "天の道が余りを減らし不足を補う姿を述べ、人の道との違いを示す。", "en": "Describes reducing surplus and supplementing shortage, contrasting that pattern with human conduct." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "部署別の余力と不足を同じ表にし、仕事を増やす前に再配分できる支援を探す。", "en": "Map capacity surpluses and shortages across teams and look for redistribution before adding more work." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「余剰と不足」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using surplus and shortage, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-78-softness-overcoming-hardness", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 78, "concept": { "ja": "第78章：柔よく剛を制す", "en": "Softness overcoming hardness" }, "title": { "ja": "第78章：柔よく剛を制す", "en": "Softness overcoming hardness" }, "summary": { "ja": "水の柔らかさと硬いものへの働きを述べ、柔弱が剛強に勝つ逆説を示す。", "en": "Uses water to examine the paradox of softness overcoming hardness." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第78章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Softness overcoming hardness" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "天下莫柔弱於水，而攻堅強者，莫之能勝，其無以易之。", "meaning": { "ja": "水の柔らかさと硬いものへの働きを述べ、柔弱が剛強に勝つ逆説を示す。", "en": "Uses water to examine the paradox of softness overcoming hardness." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "硬直した取引条件には要求を強めるだけでなく、試行期間や段階導入で負担を減らす案を出す。", "en": "For rigid terms, propose a trial period or staged adoption that reduces burden rather than only pressing harder." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「柔よく剛を制す」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using softness overcoming hardness, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-79-what-remains-after-reconciliation", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 79, "concept": { "ja": "第79章：和解後にも残るもの", "en": "What remains after reconciliation" }, "title": { "ja": "第79章：和解後にも残るもの", "en": "What remains after reconciliation" }, "summary": { "ja": "大きな怨みを和解しても残りがあると述べ、責め立てない態度を示す。", "en": "Notes that resentment may remain after settling a dispute and considers not pressing claims aggressively." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第79章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · What remains after reconciliation" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "和大怨，必有餘怨，", "meaning": { "ja": "大きな怨みを和解しても残りがあると述べ、責め立てない態度を示す。", "en": "Notes that resentment may remain after settling a dispute and considers not pressing claims aggressively." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "トラブルを解決した後に、相手に残る不便、再発条件、日常の連絡方法まで確認する。", "en": "After resolving a problem, check remaining inconvenience, recurrence conditions and routine communication." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「和解後にも残るもの」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using what remains after reconciliation, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-80-a-small-community", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 80, "concept": { "ja": "第80章：小国寡民", "en": "A small community" }, "title": { "ja": "第80章：小国寡民", "en": "A small community" }, "summary": { "ja": "小さな国と少ない民の暮らしを描き、過度な移動や争いのない生活を示す。", "en": "Imagines a small community with limited movement and conflict and a settled way of life." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第80章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · A small community" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "小國寡民，", "meaning": { "ja": "小さな国と少ない民の暮らしを描き、過度な移動や争いのない生活を示す。", "en": "Imagines a small community with limited movement and conflict and a settled way of life." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "規模拡大を目的にせず、小さい顧客層で必要な品質と継続可能な運営を満たせるか検討する。", "en": "Consider whether a smaller customer group permits the required quality and sustainable operation instead of making scale the objective." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「小国寡民」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using a small community, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-81-trustworthiness-and-contribution", "source": "laozi", "kind": "chapter", "order": 81, "concept": { "ja": "第81章：信と助け合い", "en": "Trustworthiness and contribution" }, "title": { "ja": "第81章：信と助け合い", "en": "Trustworthiness and contribution" }, "summary": { "ja": "信じられる言葉と飾られた言葉を対比し、他者へ与え争わない道を述べる。", "en": "Contrasts trustworthy and embellished words and describes contributing without contention." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "老子（道徳経）・第81章", "en": "Laozi · Dao De Jing · Trustworthiness and contribution" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93%20%28%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC%E6%9C%AC%29&oldid=2354026#%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "信言不美，", "meaning": { "ja": "信じられる言葉と飾られた言葉を対比し、他者へ与え争わない道を述べる。", "en": "Contrasts trustworthy and embellished words and describes contributing without contention." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "営業や報告の文章は、飾った表現より確認できる事実、条件、相手が次に取れる行動を示す。", "en": "In sales and reporting, present verifiable facts, conditions and the next available action instead of ornate claims." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「信と助け合い」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using trustworthiness and contribution, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-01-liang-hui-wang-i-gain-and-humane-rule", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 1, "concept": { "ja": "梁恵王上：利益と仁義", "en": "Liang Hui Wang I: gain and humane rule" }, "title": { "ja": "梁恵王上：利益と仁義", "en": "Liang Hui Wang I: gain and humane rule" }, "summary": { "ja": "王との問答で、利益だけを競うこと、生活の基礎、仁政による統治を論じる。", "en": "Conversations with kings examine rivalry for gain, foundations of livelihood and humane governance." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・梁恵王上", "en": "Mencius · Liang Hui Wang I: gain and humane rule" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E6%A2%81%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%8A", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孟子見梁惠王。王曰：「叟！不遠千里而來，亦將有以利吾國乎？」", "meaning": { "ja": "王との問答で、利益だけを競うこと、生活の基礎、仁政による統治を論じる。", "en": "Conversations with kings examine rivalry for gain, foundations of livelihood and humane governance." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "新しい事業の採否は利益だけで決めず、顧客の必要、約束、維持する費用を同じ判断資料に記す。", "en": "Evaluate a venture using customer needs, commitments and maintenance costs alongside gains." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「利益と仁義」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using liang hui wang i: gain and humane rule, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-02-liang-hui-wang-ii-shared-well-being", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 2, "concept": { "ja": "梁恵王下：人々と楽しみを共有する", "en": "Liang Hui Wang II: shared well-being" }, "title": { "ja": "梁恵王下：人々と楽しみを共有する", "en": "Liang Hui Wang II: shared well-being" }, "summary": { "ja": "君主の楽しみと人々の生活、政治の責任、争いや民の支持について問答する。", "en": "Discusses rulers’ pleasures, people’s lives, political responsibility, conflict and public support." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・梁恵王下", "en": "Mencius · Liang Hui Wang II: shared well-being" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E6%A2%81%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%8B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "莊暴見孟子，曰：「暴見於王，王語暴以好樂，暴未有以對也。」曰：「好樂何如？」", "meaning": { "ja": "君主の楽しみと人々の生活、政治の責任、争いや民の支持について問答する。", "en": "Discusses rulers’ pleasures, people’s lives, political responsibility, conflict and public support." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "経営側だけが便利になる制度なら、現場の時間と顧客の負担も調べ、双方の条件を満たす案へ直す。", "en": "When a policy benefits only management, examine team time and customer burden and revise it to account for both." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人々と楽しみを共有する」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using liang hui wang ii: shared well-being, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-03-gong-sun-chou-i-the-disposition-behind-judgment", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 3, "concept": { "ja": "公孫丑上：判断を支える姿勢", "en": "Gong Sun Chou I: the disposition behind judgment" }, "title": { "ja": "公孫丑上：判断を支える姿勢", "en": "Gong Sun Chou I: the disposition behind judgment" }, "summary": { "ja": "政治の功績、不動心や浩然の気、人に忍びない心と四端などを論じる。", "en": "Examines political achievement, steadiness, moral cultivation and the beginnings of humane judgment." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・公孫丑上", "en": "Mencius · Gong Sun Chou I: the disposition behind judgment" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%AB%E4%B8%91%E4%B8%8A", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "公孫丑問曰：「夫子當路於齊，管仲、晏子之功，可復許乎？」", "meaning": { "ja": "政治の功績、不動心や浩然の気、人に忍びない心と四端などを論じる。", "en": "Examines political achievement, steadiness, moral cultivation and the beginnings of humane judgment." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "難しい判断では、守る価値と確認済みの事実を分けて書き、圧力のある場面でも同じ条件で比べる。", "en": "Record the values to preserve and verified facts separately and use the same criteria under pressure." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「判断を支える姿勢」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using gong sun chou i: the disposition behind judgment, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-04-gong-sun-chou-ii-cohesion-and-roles", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 4, "concept": { "ja": "公孫丑下：人和と役割", "en": "Gong Sun Chou II: cohesion and roles" }, "title": { "ja": "公孫丑下：人和と役割", "en": "Gong Sun Chou II: cohesion and roles" }, "summary": { "ja": "天時・地利・人和、政治の役割、仕えることや退出の判断を扱う。", "en": "Discusses timing, position and cohesion, political roles and decisions to serve or depart." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・公孫丑下", "en": "Mencius · Gong Sun Chou II: cohesion and roles" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%AB%E4%B8%91%E4%B8%8B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孟子曰：「天時不如地利，地利不如人和。三里之城，七里之郭，環而攻之而不勝；夫環而攻之，必有得天時者矣，然而不勝者，是天時不如地利也。城非不高也，池非不深也，兵革非不堅利也，米粟非不…", "meaning": { "ja": "天時・地利・人和、政治の役割、仕えることや退出の判断を扱う。", "en": "Discusses timing, position and cohesion, political roles and decisions to serve or depart." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "設備や機能を増やす前に、関係者が同じ目的を理解しているか、合意していない条件を確認する。", "en": "Before adding facilities or capabilities, check shared understanding of purpose and unresolved conditions." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人和と役割」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using gong sun chou ii: cohesion and roles, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-05-teng-wen-gong-i-livelihood-and-division-of-work", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 5, "concept": { "ja": "滕文公上：生活と分業", "en": "Teng Wen Gong I: livelihood and division of work" }, "title": { "ja": "滕文公上：生活と分業", "en": "Teng Wen Gong I: livelihood and division of work" }, "summary": { "ja": "小国の政治、生活の基礎、土地や教育、分業と統治の役割を論じる。", "en": "Examines a small state’s governance, livelihood, land, education and the division of work." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・滕文公上", "en": "Mencius · Teng Wen Gong I: livelihood and division of work" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E6%BB%95%E6%96%87%E5%85%AC%E4%B8%8A", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "滕文公為世子，將之楚，過宋而見孟子。孟子道性善，言必稱堯、舜。", "meaning": { "ja": "小国の政治、生活の基礎、土地や教育、分業と統治の役割を論じる。", "en": "Examines a small state’s governance, livelihood, land, education and the division of work." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "少人数の事業では、全員が全業務をする形と役割を分ける形を比べ、引き継ぎの負担も見積もる。", "en": "In a small business, compare everyone doing everything with divided roles, including handoff costs." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「生活と分業」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using teng wen gong i: livelihood and division of work, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-06-teng-wen-gong-ii-preserving-principles", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 6, "concept": { "ja": "滕文公下：筋を守る判断", "en": "Teng Wen Gong II: preserving principles" }, "title": { "ja": "滕文公下：筋を守る判断", "en": "Teng Wen Gong II: preserving principles" }, "summary": { "ja": "利益を得るために筋を曲げること、立場や仕える条件、論争の理由を扱う。", "en": "Discusses bending principles for advantage, the conditions of serving and reasons for engaging in argument." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・滕文公下", "en": "Mencius · Teng Wen Gong II: preserving principles" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E6%BB%95%E6%96%87%E5%85%AC%E4%B8%8B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "陳代曰：「不見諸侯，宜若小然。今一見之，大則以王，小則以霸。且《志》曰：『枉尺而直尋。』宜若可為也。」", "meaning": { "ja": "利益を得るために筋を曲げること、立場や仕える条件、論争の理由を扱う。", "en": "Discusses bending principles for advantage, the conditions of serving and reasons for engaging in argument." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "短期の受注のために品質や説明の条件を曲げないよう、交渉できる項目と守る条件を分ける。", "en": "Separate negotiable terms from quality and disclosure conditions that must be preserved in pursuing a short-term sale." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「筋を守る判断」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using teng wen gong ii: preserving principles, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-07-li-lou-i-standards-and-execution", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 7, "concept": { "ja": "離婁上：基準と実行", "en": "Li Lou I: standards and execution" }, "title": { "ja": "離婁上：基準と実行", "en": "Li Lou I: standards and execution" }, "summary": { "ja": "規矩、仁政、自己を省みること、関係と責任を扱い、善意や制度だけでは足りないと述べる。", "en": "Examines standards, humane rule, reflection and responsibility, noting that good intentions or rules alone are insufficient." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・離婁上", "en": "Mencius · Li Lou I: standards and execution" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E9%9B%A2%E5%A9%81%E4%B8%8A", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孟子曰：「離婁之明，公輸子之巧，不以規矩，不能成方員一作「圓」。師曠之聰，不以六律，不能正五音。堯舜之道，不以仁政，不能平治天下。今有仁心仁聞而民不被其澤，不可法於後世者，不行先王…", "meaning": { "ja": "規矩、仁政、自己を省みること、関係と責任を扱い、善意や制度だけでは足りないと述べる。", "en": "Examines standards, humane rule, reflection and responsibility, noting that good intentions or rules alone are insufficient." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "業務基準を作るだけで終わらず、実行できる資料、教育、判断権限があるかを現場で確認する。", "en": "After creating a standard, check the materials, training and authority required to use it in actual work." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「基準と実行」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using li lou i: standards and execution, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-08-li-lou-ii-systems-that-support-people", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 8, "concept": { "ja": "離婁下：人を助ける仕組み", "en": "Li Lou II: systems that support people" }, "title": { "ja": "離婁下：人を助ける仕組み", "en": "Li Lou II: systems that support people" }, "summary": { "ja": "人物の行動、政治の仕組み、関係、学びや省察について多くの例と問答を収める。", "en": "Collects examples and conversations on conduct, governing systems, relationships, learning and reflection." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・離婁下", "en": "Mencius · Li Lou II: systems that support people" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E9%9B%A2%E5%A9%81%E4%B8%8B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孟子曰：「舜生於諸馮，遷於負夏，卒於鳴條，東夷之人也。文王生於岐周，卒於畢郢，西夷之人也。地之相去也，千有餘里；世之相後也，千有餘歲。得志行乎中國，若合符節。先聖後聖，其揆一也。」…", "meaning": { "ja": "人物の行動、政治の仕組み、関係、学びや省察について多くの例と問答を収める。", "en": "Collects examples and conversations on conduct, governing systems, relationships, learning and reflection." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "毎回担当者が個別に助ける仕事は、繰り返す原因を調べ、誰でも使える手順や仕組みに直す。", "en": "For repeated individual rescues, investigate the cause and create a procedure others can use." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「人を助ける仕組み」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using li lou ii: systems that support people, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-09-wan-zhang-i-succession-and-accounts-of-people", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 9, "concept": { "ja": "万章上：継承と人物の記録", "en": "Wan Zhang I: succession and accounts of people" }, "title": { "ja": "万章上：継承と人物の記録", "en": "Wan Zhang I: succession and accounts of people" }, "summary": { "ja": "舜や歴史上の人物の行動をめぐる問答から、継承、家族、政治の判断を論じる。", "en": "Uses conversations about Shun and historical figures to examine succession, family and political judgment." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・万章上", "en": "Mencius · Wan Zhang I: succession and accounts of people" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E8%90%AC%E7%AB%A0%E4%B8%8A", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "萬章問曰：「舜往于田，號泣于旻天。何為其號泣也？」", "meaning": { "ja": "舜や歴史上の人物の行動をめぐる問答から、継承、家族、政治の判断を論じる。", "en": "Uses conversations about Shun and historical figures to examine succession, family and political judgment." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "後継者や責任者の選定では評判と実際の行動を分け、役割の要件と根拠を明示する。", "en": "For succession or leadership selection, distinguish reputation from conduct and state role requirements and evidence." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「継承と人物の記録」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using wan zhang i: succession and accounts of people, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-10-wan-zhang-ii-service-and-relationships", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 10, "concept": { "ja": "万章下：仕え方と関係", "en": "Wan Zhang II: service and relationships" }, "title": { "ja": "万章下：仕え方と関係", "en": "Wan Zhang II: service and relationships" }, "summary": { "ja": "人物ごとの出処進退、仕える態度、役割、交わりや敬意を論じる。", "en": "Compares decisions to serve or withdraw and discusses roles, relationships and respect." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・万章下", "en": "Mencius · Wan Zhang II: service and relationships" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E8%90%AC%E7%AB%A0%E4%B8%8B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孟子曰：「伯夷目不視惡色，耳不聽惡聲。非其君不事，非其民不使。治則進，亂則退。橫政之所出，橫民之所止，不忍居也。思與鄉人處，如以朝衣朝冠坐於涂炭也。當紂之時，居北海之濱，以待天下之…", "meaning": { "ja": "人物ごとの出処進退、仕える態度、役割、交わりや敬意を論じる。", "en": "Compares decisions to serve or withdraw and discusses roles, relationships and respect." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "外部の協力者へ依頼するときは、役割、判断する人、辞退や終了の条件まで合意する。", "en": "When engaging an external collaborator, agree on roles, decision owners and conditions for declining or ending the work." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「仕え方と関係」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using wan zhang ii: service and relationships, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-11-gao-zi-i-development-and-choices", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 11, "concept": { "ja": "告子上：育成と取捨", "en": "Gao Zi I: development and choices" }, "title": { "ja": "告子上：育成と取捨", "en": "Gao Zi I: development and choices" }, "summary": { "ja": "性をめぐる論争、心を養うこと、義と生の取捨、学びの継続を扱う。", "en": "Examines debates over human nature, cultivation, difficult value choices and continued learning." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・告子上", "en": "Mencius · Gao Zi I: development and choices" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E5%91%8A%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%8A", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "告子曰：「性，猶杞柳也；義，猶桮棬也。以人性為仁義，猶以杞柳為桮棬。」", "meaning": { "ja": "性をめぐる論争、心を養うこと、義と生の取捨、学びの継続を扱う。", "en": "Examines debates over human nature, cultivation, difficult value choices and continued learning." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "人の能力を固定して判断せず、経験と環境を確認し、学べる課題と支援の条件を作る。", "en": "Before treating ability as fixed, examine experience and conditions and design a practical assignment with support." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「育成と取捨」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using gao zi i: development and choices, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-12-gao-zi-ii-circumstances-and-development", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 12, "concept": { "ja": "告子下：状況と成長", "en": "Gao Zi II: circumstances and development" }, "title": { "ja": "告子下：状況と成長", "en": "Gao Zi II: circumstances and development" }, "summary": { "ja": "礼と生活の関係、教育や困難、状況に応じた判断と人の成長を論じる。", "en": "Discusses ritual and livelihood, education, difficulty, contextual judgment and development." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・告子下", "en": "Mencius · Gao Zi II: circumstances and development" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E5%91%8A%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%8B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "任人有問屋廬子曰：「禮與食孰重？」", "meaning": { "ja": "礼と生活の関係、教育や困難、状況に応じた判断と人の成長を論じる。", "en": "Discusses ritual and livelihood, education, difficulty, contextual judgment and development." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "困難を成長の名で押し付けず、学べる課題と過剰な負担を分け、支援と終了条件を決める。", "en": "Distinguish a learning challenge from excessive burden and define support and stopping conditions instead of imposing hardship as growth." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「状況と成長」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using gao zi ii: circumstances and development, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-13-jin-xin-i-fully-examining-oneself", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 13, "concept": { "ja": "尽心上：自らを尽くす", "en": "Jin Xin I: fully examining oneself" }, "title": { "ja": "尽心上：自らを尽くす", "en": "Jin Xin I: fully examining oneself" }, "summary": { "ja": "心、性、修養、教えること、仁義と役割について短い言葉や問答をまとめる。", "en": "Collects sayings and conversations on mind, character, cultivation, teaching, right action and roles." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・尽心上", "en": "Mencius · Jin Xin I: fully examining oneself" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E7%9B%A1%E5%BF%83%E4%B8%8A", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孟子曰：「盡其心者，知其性也。知其性，則知天矣。存其心，養其性，所以事天也。夭壽不貳，修身以俟之，所以立命也。」", "meaning": { "ja": "心、性、修養、教えること、仁義と役割について短い言葉や問答をまとめる。", "en": "Collects sayings and conversations on mind, character, cultivation, teaching, right action and roles." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "責任者が求める行動を自らも実行し、他者へ要求する前に自分の判断と手順を点検する。", "en": "Practice the conduct you request and examine your own decisions and procedures before demanding it from others." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「自らを尽くす」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using jin xin i: fully examining oneself, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-14-jin-xin-ii-statements-and-evidence", "source": "mencius", "kind": "chapter", "order": 14, "concept": { "ja": "尽心下：言葉と根拠", "en": "Jin Xin II: statements and evidence" }, "title": { "ja": "尽心下：言葉と根拠", "en": "Jin Xin II: statements and evidence" }, "summary": { "ja": "政治と仁義、人物の判断、書を信じきることの問題、教えることなどを述べる。", "en": "Discusses governance, right action, judgments of people, unquestioning reliance on texts and teaching." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "孟子・尽心下", "en": "Mencius · Jin Xin II: statements and evidence" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90/%E5%85%A8%E8%A6%BD&oldid=2636978#%E7%9B%A1%E5%BF%83%E4%B8%8B", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "孟子曰：「不仁哉，梁惠王也！仁者，以其所愛及其所不愛；不仁者，以其所不愛及其所愛。」", "meaning": { "ja": "政治と仁義、人物の判断、書を信じきることの問題、教えることなどを述べる。", "en": "Discusses governance, right action, judgments of people, unquestioning reliance on texts and teaching." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "権威ある事例でも結論だけを採らず、対象、条件、確認できる根拠を調べて自社で試す。", "en": "For an authoritative case, inspect its subject, conditions and evidence before testing it in your own setting." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「言葉と根拠」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using jin xin ii: statements and evidence, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-01-main-text-purpose-and-sequence", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 1, "concept": { "ja": "経1章：全体の目的と順序", "en": "Main text: purpose and sequence" }, "title": { "ja": "経1章：全体の目的と順序", "en": "Main text: purpose and sequence" }, "summary": { "ja": "明明徳、親民、止於至善の綱領と、格物から修身、家や国へ至る順序を示す。", "en": "Introduces the central aims and a sequence from examining things and cultivating oneself to wider responsibilities." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・経1章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Main text: purpose and sequence" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "大學之道，在明明德，在親民，在止於至善。知止而后有定；定而后能靜；靜而后能安；安而后能慮；慮而后能得。物有本末；事有終始。知所先後，則近道矣。古之欲明明德於天下者，先治其國。欲治其…", "meaning": { "ja": "明明徳、親民、止於至善の綱領と、格物から修身、家や国へ至る順序を示す。", "en": "Introduces the central aims and a sequence from examining things and cultivating oneself to wider responsibilities." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "大きな組織変更は目的を先に定め、調べること、判断、現場の実行の順序と依存関係を整理する。", "en": "For organizational change, state the purpose and map investigation, decisions and execution with their dependencies." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「全体の目的と順序」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using main text: purpose and sequence, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-02-commentary-1-making-virtue-clear", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 2, "concept": { "ja": "伝1章：明明徳", "en": "Commentary 1: making virtue clear" }, "title": { "ja": "伝1章：明明徳", "en": "Commentary 1: making virtue clear" }, "summary": { "ja": "書物の言葉を引いて、自らの徳を明らかにすることを説明する。", "en": "Uses earlier texts to explain making one’s own virtue clear." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝1章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 1: making virtue clear" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "《康誥》曰：「克明德。」《大甲》曰：「顧諟天之明命。」《帝典》曰：「克明峻德。」皆自明也。", "meaning": { "ja": "書物の言葉を引いて、自らの徳を明らかにすることを説明する。", "en": "Uses earlier texts to explain making one’s own virtue clear." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "会社の価値観は抽象語だけにせず、受注、説明、品質確認で何を選ぶかの例を示す。", "en": "Express company values through examples of acceptance, disclosure and quality decisions rather than abstract words alone." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「明明徳」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 1: making virtue clear, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-03-commentary-2-renewing-practice", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 3, "concept": { "ja": "伝2章：日々新たにする", "en": "Commentary 2: renewing practice" }, "title": { "ja": "伝2章：日々新たにする", "en": "Commentary 2: renewing practice" }, "summary": { "ja": "湯の盤銘などを引き、日々新しくし人々を新しくすることを説明する。", "en": "Uses the inscription associated with Tang and other texts to explain renewal of oneself and others." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝2章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 2: renewing practice" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "湯之盤銘曰：「苟日新，日日新，又日新。」《康誥》曰：「作新民。」《詩》曰：「周雖舊邦，其命惟新。」是故君子無所不用其極。", "meaning": { "ja": "湯の盤銘などを引き、日々新しくし人々を新しくすることを説明する。", "en": "Uses the inscription associated with Tang and other texts to explain renewal of oneself and others." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "改善を掛け声だけで終えず、繰り返す不便を一つ選び、変更前後の結果を記録する。", "en": "Choose one recurring difficulty and record results before and after a change instead of relying on improvement slogans." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「日々新たにする」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 2: renewing practice, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-04-commentary-3-the-aim-to-settle-upon", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 4, "concept": { "ja": "伝3章：止於至善", "en": "Commentary 3: the aim to settle upon" }, "title": { "ja": "伝3章：止於至善", "en": "Commentary 3: the aim to settle upon" }, "summary": { "ja": "詩や人物の例から、各役割で目指すところを知ることを説明する。", "en": "Uses poetry and examples to discuss knowing the proper aim of each role." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝3章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 3: the aim to settle upon" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "《詩》云：「邦畿千里，惟民所止。」《詩》云：「緡蠻黃鳥，止于丘隅。」子曰：「於止，知其所止，可以人而不如鳥乎？」《詩》云：「穆穆文王，於緝熙敬止。」為人君，止於仁；為人臣，止於敬；…", "meaning": { "ja": "詩や人物の例から、各役割で目指すところを知ることを説明する。", "en": "Uses poetry and examples to discuss knowing the proper aim of each role." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "担当の成果条件を『頑張る』で済ませず、誰に何を届けたら完了かを決める。", "en": "Define whom a role serves and what constitutes completion rather than asking only for effort." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「止於至善」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 3: the aim to settle upon, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-05-commentary-4-roots-and-consequences", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 5, "concept": { "ja": "伝4章：本末を知る", "en": "Commentary 4: roots and consequences" }, "title": { "ja": "伝4章：本末を知る", "en": "Commentary 4: roots and consequences" }, "summary": { "ja": "訴えを聞くことより訴えが起きない状態を作ることを引き、根本を知ると説明する。", "en": "Explains knowing the root through the difference between hearing disputes and preventing their causes." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝4章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 4: roots and consequences" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "子曰：「聽訟，吾猶人也，必也使無訟乎！」無情者不得盡其辭，大畏民志。此謂知本。", "meaning": { "ja": "訴えを聞くことより訴えが起きない状態を作ることを引き、根本を知ると説明する。", "en": "Explains knowing the root through the difference between hearing disputes and preventing their causes." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "問い合わせを処理するだけでなく、同じ相談を生む説明や手順の欠陥を直す案を検討する。", "en": "Investigate confusing explanations and procedures causing repeated requests instead of only handling each request." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「本末を知る」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 4: roots and consequences, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-06-commentary-5-zhu-xi-s-supplement-on-investigation", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 6, "concept": { "ja": "伝5章：格物致知の補伝", "en": "Commentary 5: Zhu Xi’s supplement on investigation" }, "title": { "ja": "伝5章：格物致知の補伝", "en": "Commentary 5: Zhu Xi’s supplement on investigation" }, "summary": { "ja": "朱熹が欠けた伝を補うとして、物の理を窮め知を尽くすことを説明した箇所。原典の失われた本文とは区別する。", "en": "Zhu Xi supplies an explanation of investigating principles and extending knowledge as a missing commentary; it is distinguished from lost original text." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝5章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 5: Zhu Xi’s supplement on investigation" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "所謂致知在格物者：言欲至吾之知，在即物而窮其理也，蓋人心之靈莫不有知，而天下之物莫不有理。惟於理有未窮，故其知有不盡也。是以大學始教，必使學者即凡天下之物。莫不因其已知之理而益窮之…", "meaning": { "ja": "朱熹が欠けた伝を補うとして、物の理を窮め知を尽くすことを説明した箇所。原典の失われた本文とは区別する。", "en": "Zhu Xi supplies an explanation of investigating principles and extending knowledge as a missing commentary; it is distinguished from lost original text." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "説明だけで納得したことを、現場の記録と実際の作業で確かめ、分からない条件を一つ調べる。", "en": "Check an explanation against records and actual work, then investigate one condition still unknown." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「格物致知の補伝」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 5: zhu xi’s supplement on investigation, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-07-commentary-6-sincerity-and-self-deception", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 7, "concept": { "ja": "伝6章：誠意と自欺", "en": "Commentary 6: sincerity and self-deception" }, "title": { "ja": "伝6章：誠意と自欺", "en": "Commentary 6: sincerity and self-deception" }, "summary": { "ja": "意を誠にすることを自らを欺かないこととして説明し、独りのときの行いも問う。", "en": "Explains sincerity as not deceiving oneself and examines conduct outside others’ observation." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝6章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 6: sincerity and self-deception" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "所謂誠其意者：毋自欺也，如惡惡臭，如好好色。此之謂自謙。故君子必慎其獨也。小人閒居為不善，無所不至，見君子，而后厭然。揜其不善，而著其善。人之視己，如見其肺肝然，則何益矣？此謂誠於…", "meaning": { "ja": "意を誠にすることを自らを欺かないこととして説明し、独りのときの行いも問う。", "en": "Explains sincerity as not deceiving oneself and examines conduct outside others’ observation." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "見せる数字だけを整えず、不都合な結果や未確認事項も意思決定の資料に載せる。", "en": "Include unfavorable results and unknowns in decision materials rather than polishing only favorable figures." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「誠意と自欺」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 6: sincerity and self-deception, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-08-commentary-7-attention-and-emotion", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 8, "concept": { "ja": "伝7章：正心と感情", "en": "Commentary 7: attention and emotion" }, "title": { "ja": "伝7章：正心と感情", "en": "Commentary 7: attention and emotion" }, "summary": { "ja": "怒り、恐れ、好み、心配によって心が偏り、見聞きしても捉えられなくなることを述べる。", "en": "Examines how anger, fear, preference and worry distort attention and understanding." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝7章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 7: attention and emotion" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "所謂脩身在正其心者：身有所忿懥，則不得其正。有所恐懼，則不得其正。有所好樂，則不得其正。有所憂患，則不得其正。心不在焉，視而不見，聽而不聞，食而不知其味。此謂脩身在正其心。", "meaning": { "ja": "怒り、恐れ、好み、心配によって心が偏り、見聞きしても捉えられなくなることを述べる。", "en": "Examines how anger, fear, preference and worry distort attention and understanding." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "強い感情のある案件では、事実と評価を分けて書き、別の担当者に判断条件を確認してもらう。", "en": "For an emotionally charged case, separate facts from evaluation and ask another owner to inspect the criteria." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「正心と感情」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 7: attention and emotion, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-09-commentary-8-self-cultivation-and-bias", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 9, "concept": { "ja": "伝8章：修身と偏り", "en": "Commentary 8: self-cultivation and bias" }, "title": { "ja": "伝8章：修身と偏り", "en": "Commentary 8: self-cultivation and bias" }, "summary": { "ja": "親愛や嫌悪などが判断を偏らせることを示し、好きでも欠点を、嫌いでも良さを知ることを述べる。", "en": "Examines biases from affection and dislike and recognizing faults in what one favors and merits in what one dislikes." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝8章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 8: self-cultivation and bias" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "所謂齊其家在脩其身者：人之其所親愛，而辟焉。之其所賤惡，而辟焉。之其所畏敬，而辟焉。之其所哀矜，而辟焉。之其所敖惰，而辟焉。故好而知其惡，惡而知其美者，天下鮮矣。故諺有之曰，「人莫…", "meaning": { "ja": "親愛や嫌悪などが判断を偏らせることを示し、好きでも欠点を、嫌いでも良さを知ることを述べる。", "en": "Examines biases from affection and dislike and recognizing faults in what one favors and merits in what one dislikes." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "自社や親しい担当者の案でも欠点を調べ、苦手な相手の提案も同じ基準で評価する。", "en": "Inspect flaws in familiar proposals and evaluate a disliked party’s suggestion using the same criteria." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「修身と偏り」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 8: self-cultivation and bias, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-10-commentary-9-leading-through-conduct", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 10, "concept": { "ja": "伝9章：率先する行動", "en": "Commentary 9: leading through conduct" }, "title": { "ja": "伝9章：率先する行動", "en": "Commentary 9: leading through conduct" }, "summary": { "ja": "家を整えることと国を治めることを結びつけ、命令と自らの行いの一致を求める。", "en": "Connects household and wider governance and asks for consistency between commands and personal conduct." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝9章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 9: leading through conduct" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "所謂治國必先齊其家者：其家不可教，而能教人者，無之。故君子不出家，而成教於國。孝者，所以事君也；弟者，所以事長也；慈者，所以使衆也。《康誥》曰：「如保赤子。」心誠求之，雖不中、不遠…", "meaning": { "ja": "家を整えることと国を治めることを結びつけ、命令と自らの行いの一致を求める。", "en": "Connects household and wider governance and asks for consistency between commands and personal conduct." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "管理者が要求する手順を自分にも適用し、例外があるなら条件と理由を示す。", "en": "Apply the procedures you require to yourself and explain the conditions and reasons for exceptions." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「率先する行動」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 9: leading through conduct, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-11-commentary-10-others-positions-and-allocation", "source": "great-learning", "kind": "chapter", "order": 11, "concept": { "ja": "伝10章：相手の立場と配分", "en": "Commentary 10: others’ positions and allocation" }, "title": { "ja": "伝10章：相手の立場と配分", "en": "Commentary 10: others’ positions and allocation" }, "summary": { "ja": "絜矩の道、民の好悪、徳と財、人物を用いることなど、広い統治の条件を論じる。", "en": "Discusses considering others’ positions, preferences, virtue and resources and the selection of people in wider governance." }, "topic": "learning", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "大学章句（朱熹）・伝10章", "en": "Zhu Xi’s Great Learning chapters · Commentary 10: others’ positions and allocation" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%9B%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%BB/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E7%AB%A0%E5%8F%A5&oldid=2647788", "kind": "treatise", "excerpt": "所謂平天下在治其國者：上老老而民興孝，上長長而民興弟，上恤孤而民不倍。是以君子有絜矩之道也。所惡於上，毋以使下。所惡於下，毋以事上。所惡於前，毋以先後。所惡於後，毋以從前。所惡於右…", "meaning": { "ja": "絜矩の道、民の好悪、徳と財、人物を用いることなど、広い統治の条件を論じる。", "en": "Discusses considering others’ positions, preferences, virtue and resources and the selection of people in wider governance." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "上から受けて困る要求をそのまま下へ回さず、各担当の負担、必要な資源、判断権限を整理する。", "en": "Do not pass troublesome demands unchanged to others; clarify each owner’s burden, required resources and authority." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「相手の立場と配分」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using commentary 10: others’ positions and allocation, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-01-before-service-and-the-recorded-character", "source": "zhuge-liang", "kind": "chapter", "order": 1, "concept": { "ja": "史料の読み方：出仕前と人物像", "en": "Before service and the recorded character" }, "title": { "ja": "史料の読み方：出仕前と人物像", "en": "Before service and the recorded character" }, "summary": { "ja": "諸葛亮伝は出自、若いころの暮らし、友人の評価、劉備との出会いから人物を記録する。", "en": "The biography records origins, early life, associates’ judgments and the meeting with Liu Bei." }, "topic": "organization", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "諸葛亮（孔明）・史料の読み方", "en": "Zhuge Liang · Before service and the recorded character" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B735&oldid=2115776", "kind": "historical-record", "excerpt": "諸葛亮字孔明，琅邪陽都人也。漢司隸校尉諸葛豐後也。父圭，字君貢，漢末為太山郡丞。亮早孤，從父玄為袁術所署豫章太守，玄將亮及亮弟均之官。會漢朝更選朱皓代玄。玄素與荊州牧劉表有舊，往依…", "meaning": { "ja": "諸葛亮伝は出自、若いころの暮らし、友人の評価、劉備との出会いから人物を記録する。", "en": "The biography records origins, early life, associates’ judgments and the meeting with Liu Bei." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "人の評判を採用の結論にせず、任せる役割、本人の判断、実際の行動を分けて確認する。", "en": "Separate reputation, decisions and conduct when assessing someone for a defined role." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「出仕前と人物像」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using before service and the recorded character, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-02-the-longzhong-plan-direction-and-conditions", "source": "zhuge-liang", "kind": "chapter", "order": 2, "concept": { "ja": "隆中対：方針と前提条件", "en": "The Longzhong plan: direction and conditions" }, "title": { "ja": "隆中対：方針と前提条件", "en": "The Longzhong plan: direction and conditions" }, "summary": { "ja": "劉備への対策では勢力の配置、地域、孫権との連携、内政を組み合わせ、実行の機会を述べる。", "en": "The plan combines the positions of major powers, regions, an alliance with Sun Quan, internal administration and an opportunity to act." }, "topic": "organization", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "諸葛亮（孔明）・隆中対", "en": "Zhuge Liang · The Longzhong plan: direction and conditions" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B735&oldid=2115776", "kind": "historical-record", "excerpt": "時先主屯新野。徐庶見先主，先主器之，謂先主曰：「諸葛孔明者，臥龍也，將軍豈願見之乎？」先主曰：「君與俱來。」庶曰：「此人可就見，不可屈致也。將軍宜枉駕顧之。」由是先主遂詣亮，凡三往…", "meaning": { "ja": "劉備への対策では勢力の配置、地域、孫権との連携、内政を組み合わせ、実行の機会を述べる。", "en": "The plan combines the positions of major powers, regions, an alliance with Sun Quan, internal administration and an opportunity to act." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "事業の方針は目標だけでなく、必要な提携、内部の準備、実行へ進む条件まで一つの計画にする。", "en": "Combine an objective with required partnerships, internal preparation and conditions for acting in one plan." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「方針と前提条件」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using the longzhong plan: direction and conditions, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-03-diplomacy-and-liu-bei-s-administration", "source": "zhuge-liang", "kind": "chapter", "order": 3, "concept": { "ja": "外交と劉備の政権：連携の役割", "en": "Diplomacy and Liu Bei’s administration" }, "title": { "ja": "外交と劉備の政権：連携の役割", "en": "Diplomacy and Liu Bei’s administration" }, "summary": { "ja": "孫権への働きかけと同盟、劉備の勢力拡大、諸葛亮が支えた内政と供給の役割を記録する。", "en": "Records diplomacy and alliance with Sun Quan, Liu Bei’s expansion and Zhuge Liang’s administrative and supply responsibilities." }, "topic": "organization", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "諸葛亮（孔明）・外交と劉備の政権", "en": "Zhuge Liang · Diplomacy and Liu Bei’s administration" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B735&oldid=2115776", "kind": "historical-record", "excerpt": "先主至於夏口，亮曰：「事急矣，請奉命求救於孫將軍。」時權擁軍在柴桑，觀望成敗，亮說權曰：「海內大亂，將軍起兵據有江東，劉豫州亦收眾漢南，與曹操并爭天下。今操芟夷大難，略已平矣，遂破…", "meaning": { "ja": "孫権への働きかけと同盟、劉備の勢力拡大、諸葛亮が支えた内政と供給の役割を記録する。", "en": "Records diplomacy and alliance with Sun Quan, Liu Bei’s expansion and Zhuge Liang’s administrative and supply responsibilities." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "提携を発表して終わらず、双方の目的、提供する資源、日々の調整と終了条件を決める。", "en": "After agreeing to cooperate, define both objectives, contributed resources, routine coordination and ending conditions." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「連携の役割」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using diplomacy and liu bei’s administration, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-04-supporting-liu-shan-and-the-memorial", "source": "zhuge-liang", "kind": "chapter", "order": 4, "concept": { "ja": "劉禅の補佐と出師表：共通基準", "en": "Supporting Liu Shan and the memorial" }, "title": { "ja": "劉禅の補佐と出師表：共通基準", "en": "Supporting Liu Shan and the memorial" }, "summary": { "ja": "劉備の後を託され、劉禅を補佐する記述と、出師表における人材、賞罰、進言の方針を収める。", "en": "Records the entrusted responsibility to support Liu Shan and the memorial’s guidance on people, standards and counsel." }, "topic": "organization", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "諸葛亮（孔明）・劉禅の補佐と出師表", "en": "Zhuge Liang · Supporting Liu Shan and the memorial" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B735&oldid=2115776", "kind": "historical-record", "excerpt": "先帝創業未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此誠危急存亡之秋也。然侍衛之臣不懈於內，忠志之士忘身於外者，蓋追先帝之殊遇，欲報之於陛下也。誠宜開張聖聽，以光先帝遺德，恢弘志士之氣，…", "meaning": { "ja": "劉備の後を託され、劉禅を補佐する記述と、出師表における人材、賞罰、進言の方針を収める。", "en": "Records the entrusted responsibility to support Liu Shan and the memorial’s guidance on people, standards and counsel." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "後継者へ役職だけを渡さず、意思決定の基準、相談する相手、確認する情報を引き継ぐ。", "en": "Transfer decision standards, advisers and required information along with a successor’s position." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「共通基準」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using supporting liu shan and the memorial, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-05-southern-and-northern-campaigns-execution-and-supply", "source": "zhuge-liang", "kind": "chapter", "order": 5, "concept": { "ja": "南征と北伐：実行と補給", "en": "Southern and northern campaigns: execution and supply" }, "title": { "ja": "南征と北伐：実行と補給", "en": "Southern and northern campaigns: execution and supply" }, "summary": { "ja": "南方の平定、北伐、将の起用と失敗、補給と軍の運用、死に至る活動を記録する。", "en": "Records southern and northern campaigns, appointments and failures, supply and military operations through Zhuge Liang’s death." }, "topic": "organization", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "諸葛亮（孔明）・南征と北伐", "en": "Zhuge Liang · Southern and northern campaigns: execution and supply" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B735&oldid=2115776", "kind": "historical-record", "excerpt": "十二年春，亮悉大眾由斜谷出，以流馬運，據武功五丈原，與司馬宣王對於渭南。亮每患糧不繼，使己志不申，是以分兵屯田，為久駐之基。耕者雜於渭濱居民之間，而百姓安堵，軍無私焉。相持百餘日。…", "meaning": { "ja": "南方の平定、北伐、将の起用と失敗、補給と軍の運用、死に至る活動を記録する。", "en": "Records southern and northern campaigns, appointments and failures, supply and military operations through Zhuge Liang’s death." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "長期の施策では毎回の成果だけでなく、供給、人員の疲労、失敗した仮説を記録し、次の実施条件を見直す。", "en": "Review supply, fatigue and failed assumptions alongside each round’s results in a prolonged initiative." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「実行と補給」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using southern and northern campaigns: execution and supply, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] }, { "slug": "chapter-06-chen-shou-s-evaluation-and-succession", "source": "zhuge-liang", "kind": "chapter", "order": 6, "concept": { "ja": "陳寿の評と後継：評価の範囲", "en": "Chen Shou’s evaluation and succession" }, "title": { "ja": "陳寿の評と後継：評価の範囲", "en": "Chen Shou’s evaluation and succession" }, "summary": { "ja": "伝の末尾には家族や後継に関する記録と陳寿の評がある。内政や統率への評価と軍事への留保を併記する。", "en": "The biography closes with family and succession records and Chen Shou’s evaluation, combining praise for administration with reservations about military performance." }, "topic": "organization", "updatedAt": "2026-10-13", "reference": { "title": { "ja": "諸葛亮（孔明）・陳寿の評と後継", "en": "Zhuge Liang · Chen Shou’s evaluation and succession" }, "url": "https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97/%E5%8D%B735&oldid=2115776", "kind": "historical-record", "excerpt": "評曰：諸葛亮之為相國也，撫百姓，示儀軌，約官職，從權制，開誠心，布公道﹔盡忠益時者雖讎必賞，犯法怠慢者雖親必罰，服罪輸情者雖重必釋，游辭巧飾者雖輕必戮﹔善無微而不賞，惡無纖而不貶﹔…", "meaning": { "ja": "伝の末尾には家族や後継に関する記録と陳寿の評がある。内政や統率への評価と軍事への留保を併記する。", "en": "The biography closes with family and succession records and Chen Shou’s evaluation, combining praise for administration with reservations about military performance." } }, "interpretation": { "ja": "以下では、この章の論点を現代の仕事で考える例に置き換えます。原典の政治・軍事・倫理を、企業の制度や成果と同一視せず、仕事の目的と条件に照らして検討します。", "en": "The example below adapts this chapter’s questions to modern work. Evaluate it against the actual purpose and conditions; ancient politics, warfare or ethics do not establish business results." }, "application": { "situation": { "ja": "成果のある責任者でも能力を一括りにせず、得意な役割、限界、引き継ぎで補う条件を分けて記す。", "en": "For a successful leader, distinguish strengths, limits and conditions to support in succession instead of treating ability as uniform." }, "steps": [ { "ja": "この例に関係する自分の案件を一つ選び、判断の目的、使える資源、確認済みの事実と未確認事項を記す。", "en": "Choose one relevant case and record its objective, available resources, verified facts and unknowns." }, { "ja": "この章の視点で選択肢を比較し、小さく試す案、担当、期限、結果を確かめる指標を決める。", "en": "Compare options using this chapter’s perspective; choose a limited trial, owner, deadline and a measure to assess the result." } ], "deliverable": { "ja": "「評価の範囲」の視点を加えた比較表と、実施・見送りの条件。", "en": "A comparison using chen shou’s evaluation and succession, with conditions for acting or declining." } }, "limit": { "ja": "章の要約は主要な論点を選んだ説明です。原典の全ての言葉の訳ではありません。応用例は事業成果を実証した手法ではないため、関係者の事情と実際の記録で確かめます。", "en": "The summary selects main points rather than translating every sentence. The example is not a demonstrated business method; check it against stakeholders’ conditions and actual evidence." }, "check": { "ja": "この章の視点を加えると、採用する案や優先順位はどう変わるか。判断を変えるために、まだ必要な事実は何か。", "en": "How does this chapter’s perspective change the selected option or priority, and what further evidence could change the decision?" }, "related": [] } ] }